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Endocrine system

302.3 Vet nursing The Endocrine System

QuestionAnswer
What is the endocrine system Secretes hormones into the blood stream
What is the difference between the endocrine and exocrine systems? Endocrine secrete into blood stream (only hormones), exocrine use a duct system and dont travel far (sweat or saliva)
7 endocrine glands Pituitary, Pancreas, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Gonads, Pineal gland
Endocrine secretions of pancreas Glucagon and insulin
Where are the pancreatic hormones secreted? Islets of langerhan
Which cells in the pancreas secrete glucagon Alpha cells
Which cells in the pancreas secrete insulin Beta cells
What do the Delta cells in the pancreas secrete and its purpose? Somatostatin, stops wild fluctuations in blood sugar. Also decreases gut motility and enzyme secretion.
Where is the pituitary located? Under the hypothalamus
2 sections of the pituitary Anterior and posterior
What hormones does the anterior pituitary gland secrete? Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), Leutenising hormone (LH) or Interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH), Thyrotrophic stimulating hormone (TSH), Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Growth hormone (GH)
What hormones does the posterior pituitary gland secrete? Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), Oxytocin
What hormones does the thyroid secrete? Tri-iodothyronine (T3), tetra-iodothyronine (T4 or thyroxin) and Calcitonin
What do the hormones T3 and T4 control? Metabolic rate of cells. Essential for normal growth.
What does calcitonin control? Inhibits resorption of bone and decreases calcium in the blood
Cells in parathyroid which secretes hormone? Chief cells
What does the parathyroid control? Increases calcium in blood by increasing reabsorption from kidneys, small intestine and bone
What does the pineal gland control? Secretes melatonin to promote sleep cycle
2 sections of the adrenal glands Cortex and medulla
What does the adrenal cortex secrete? Glucocorticoids, Mineralocorticoids and some sex hormones
What does the adrenal medulla secrete? Adrenaline and noradrenaline
What is Addisons disease? Hypoadrenocorticism
What is Cushings disease? Hyperadrenocorticism
Hormones that control feather growth in birds? Prolactin and thyroxine
Primary corticosteroid in birds? Corticosterone (instead of cortisol)
Hormone in reptiles which is produced rather than oxytocin? Vasotocin
Additional endocrine gland in reptiles responsible for melatonin production along with pineal gland? Pareital eye
Gland in reptiles which has a role in hybernation? Thyroid
Created by: 18000305
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