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Civics- Sept. Gr. 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why was Charles I unpopular? | He implemented high taxation rates, he didn't listen to Parliament, and while he was Protestant, it was suspected that he was more sympathetic to Catholics than Protestants. |
| How long did the English Civil War last? | 1642-1649 (7 years) |
| What caused the English Civil War? | Charles I lost support from his subjects by taxing them so much, after the 11 years tyranny he called Parliament but only for financial help, this angered Parliament and lead them to believe that they represent the people's interests better then the King |
| How was treason redefined by Charles I's trial? | Previously treason=going against the King, but once Charles was put on trial it changed to meaning going against the people |
| How was duty redefined by Charles I's trial? | Duty, rather then being the people serving the King, now meant that the King's duty is to serve his subjects, and if he failed that duty he should be help accountable |
| When was Charles I's trial? | 1649 |
| What type of government did Parliament implement after Charles I's execution? | Parliament abolishes the Monarchy, the create the Commonwealth |
| Who was Oliver Cromwell? | The Puritan Lord Protector of England appointed by Parliament |
| What is a Puritan? | An extreme type of Protestant who try to purify everything around them |
| Why was Oliver Cromwell unpopular? | He imposed more taxes and he was Puritan (he abolished a lot of stuff) |
| What was the Monarchy Restoration? | When the English people restored the monarchy by inviting Charles I's son to rule as king to get rid of Richard Cromwell |
| When was the Monarchy Restoration? | 1660 |
| Why was Charles II liked by Parliament and the people? | He didn't tax anyone, he respected Parliament, he had a lot of parties and brought back everything Cromwell had abolished, he was Anglican |
| When was the Glorious Revolution? | 1688 |
| What were the causes of the Glorious Revolution? | The people didn't like King James II and he had an heir |
| Why was James II disliked? | He was officially Roman Catholic, he tried to get Parliament to legalize Catholicism, he was pro-Catholic |
| Why did the English people not initially rebel against James II? | They didn't want a repeat of the Civil War, he was old, and he only had 2 daughters |
| What caused English people to eventually rebel against James II? | His wife got pregnant and he had a son, he now had an heir |
| What happened in the Glorious Revolution? | James is deposed (kicked off of the throne) and his daughter Mary to rule England with William of Orange (King of Holland) (both are Protestant) |
| Why is it called the Glorious Revolution? | Becuase it was quick and peaceful and no blood was shed |
| Why is the Glorious Revolution considered important in the development of democracy? | Because it gave even more power to the people, as they were able to kick the King off of the throne because the didn't like him (the people gained power) |
| When was Leviathan written? | 1651 |
| How did Thomas Hobbes envision the State of Nature? | As a chaotic place where everything would be about self preservation |
| What is the State of Nature? | How people lived before or without any society |
| What is the Social Contract? | What we agree to when we form and live in a society |
| How did Hobbes understand the social contract? | He believed that the social contract was that people give up some of their freedom for security (so that we won't be in the state of nature) |
| How did Hobbes think society should be governed? | By a King/ individual who upholds the social contract and isn't bound by the same expectations as everyone else |
| Why do we accept the Leviathan, even if he is a tyrant? | Because we know that if we don't we'll devolve into the state of nature |
| When was Two Treaties on Government written? | 1690 |
| How did Locke envision the state of nature? | As a peaceful and harmonious place (because he believes that humanity, at its core, is good and moral) |
| How did Locke understand the Social Contract? | He believed that even though humanity would act in a good and moral way in the state of nature, bad things do happen, and these things are easier to handle with society and government |
| How did Locke think society should be governed? | By a government that is formed to protect people's needs and wants, and if their job is not upheld the people have the right to revolt |
| Why did Locke think that people have the right to rebel if the government does not uphold their interests? | Because he believed that a government is formed to protect people's interests, and that this is the governments job; if they do not do their job the people have the right to reject the government and form another |
| What was the commonwealth? | Rule by Parliament |
Created by:
Abby Jayden S.
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