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Systematics
Systematics and Classification
Term | Definition |
---|---|
homologous | two organisms have the same feature due to a common ancestor |
Sarcopterygii | lobe fin fishes including lobe fin fishes and tetrapods |
Actinopterygii | ray fin fishes |
Most diversification in spiny ray fishes occurs in... | marine environment |
Most diversification in soft ray fishes occurs in... | freshwater environment |
Gnathostomata | Jawed fishes |
Monophyletic | group of organisms contains all descendants of common ancestor indicated by shared derived characters or synapomorphies |
Character | a trait or attribute in systematics |
Character state | form of the character feature |
Taxonomy is.... | classification of organisms |
Systematics is... | the phylogenetic relationships between organisms |
Categories | levels of classifications |
taxa | actual name of the organism |
Phylogenetic Systematics | parsimony analysis- produces max parsimony trees, developed by Hennig (1966) classification based on natural or monophyletic groups |
synapomorphies | shared derived characters that help describe differences between groups example; the presence of jaws |
homoplasy | resemblance in groups that is derived independently convergent evolution a pattern; not an evolutionary process |