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CHAPTER 14
CARING FOR CARDIAC EMERGENCIES
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| WHAT IS THE NORMAL FUNCTION OF THE HEART | THE HEART CIRCULATES APPROXIMATELY 6,000 TO 7,000 LITERS OF BLOOD AND BEATS ON AVERAGE OF 100,000 TIMES PER DAY |
| CONDUCTION PATHWAY | THE ROUTE OF ELECTRICAL IMPULSES WITHIN THE HEART |
| CARDIAC COMPROMISE | USED TO DESCRIBE SPECIFIC SIGNS/SYMPTOMS THAT INDICATE SOME TYPE OF EMERGENCY RELATING TO THE HEART |
| MYOCARDIAL INFRACTION (MI) | ALSO KNOWN AS A HEART ATTACK |
| CHEST DISCOMFORT | TYPICALLY DESCRIBED AS PAIN OR A DULL PRESSURE, TIGHTNESS OR A SQUEEZING SENSATION IN THE CHEST |
| DIAPHORESIS | SUDDEN ONSET OF SWEATING |
| DYSPNEA | SHORTNESS OF BREATH |
| ABNORMAL PULSE | MAY BE RAPID, SLOW, AND/OR IRREGULAR |
| ANGINA | PAIN IN THE CHEST CAUSED BY LACK OF SUFFICIENT BLOOD AND OXYGEN TO THE HEART MUSCLE |
| WILL EVERYONE WHOSE HAVING A HEART ATTACK FEEL THE SAME THING? | NO, NOT EVERYONE WHO IS HAVING A HEART WILL FEEL THE SAME THING, THE SYMPTOMS MAY VARY |
| HEART FAILURE | A CONDITION THAT IS DEVELOPS WHEN THE HEART IS UNABLE TO PUMP BLOOD EFFICIENTLY, CAUSING A BACKUP OF BLOOD AND OTHER FLUIDS WITHIN THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM, ALSO MAY BE REFERRED TO AS CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE |
| SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF HEART FAILURE INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING | SHORTNESS OF BREATH, CHEST PAIN/DISCOMFORT, RAPID PULSE RATE, EDEMA OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES, JUGULAR VEIN DISTENTION, PALE & MOIST SKIN, ALTERED MENTAL STATUS, INCREASED DIFFICULTY BREATHING WHILE LYING FLAT |
| EMERGENCY CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH SIGNS/SYMPTOMS OF CARDIAC COMPROMISE | MAINTAIN AN OPEN AIRWAY, MAKE SURE SOMEONE ACTIVATES THE EMS SYSTEM AND REQUESTS ALS SERVICES IF AVAIL, ALLOW THE PTTO MAINTAIN A POSITION OF COMFORT, IF THE PT IS ALERT HE/SHE SHOULD BE ASSISTED TO SITTING POSITION, REASSURE THE THE PT AND CALM HIM/HER |
| MEDICATIONS | SOME PT WITH A HISTORY OF HEART PROBLEMS HAVE BEEN PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS BY THEIR HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS TO TAKE WHEN HAVING CHEST PAIN |
| DOSAGE | IS EQUAL TO 0.4 MG |
| BLOOD THAT IS RETURNING TO THE HEART FROM THE LUNGS ENTERS THE HEART AT THE: | LEFT ATRIUM |
| YOU ARE CARING FOR A 44 YEAR OLD MAN WHO HAS BEGAN EXPERIENCING CHEST PAIN & SHORTNESS OF BREATH WHILE JOGGING. HIS PAIN WENT AWAY COMPLETELY ABOUT 20 MIN AFTER STOPPING TO REST. THE MOST LIKELY CAUSE OF HIS CHEST PAIN IS: | ANGINA |
| YOU HAVE COMPLETED YOUR SECONDARY ASSESSMENT FOR A 65 YEAR OLD WOMAN WHO HAS A LONG HISTORY OF CARDIAC PROBLEMS. SHE IS COMPLAINING OF CHEST PAIN AND DIFFICULTY BREATHING. YOU SHOULD: | ADMINISTER HIGH-FLOW OXYGEN |
| THE MYOCARDIUM RECEIVES ITS BLOOD SUPPLY FROM: | CORONARY ARTERIES |
| WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A COMMON CAUSE OF CARDIAC COMPROMISE | CARDIAC ARREST |
| WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS BEST DESCRIBES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A HEART ATTACK AND SUDDEN CARDIAC ARREST: | HEART ATTACK IS A LEADING CAUSE OF SUDDEN CARDIAC ARREST |
| YOU HAVE ARRIVED ON THE SCENE OF AN UNRESPONSIVE FEMALE WHOM YOU FIND TO BE PULSELESS AND APNEIC. YOU SHOULD: | BEGIN CHEST COMPRESSION'S |
Created by:
mmfleischer