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Retroviridae

Feline Leukemia & Sarcoma

QuestionAnswer
Give two reasons why this disease is rarely seen in cats. (1)The virus is very fragile so unless the cat is CONSTANTLY around infected cats, it will not become infected. (2)Most cats can overcome the primary viremia.
This virus is associated with neoplastic and nonneoplastic diseases such as... Anemia, immunosuppression, enteritis, and reproductive failure
What kind of virus is this? NONcytopathic and v-onc -
What is the major FeLV group-specific antigen? Where is produced? Excreted? Found? Detected by? p27 inner viral core protein. Infected leukocytes and platelets. Saliva and tears. FREE IN THE PLASMA. IFA and ELISA tests
What protein is responsible for viral attachment? What can the body do to protect against this protein? gp70 protein. Neutralizing antibodies against gp70 proteins protect against viremia. They are subgroup specific.
There are 3 main subgroups of FeLV. Which one is found in roughly 50% of naturally infected cats? FeLV-B and is usually with FeLV-A.
How is FeLV-B made? recombinational event between env genes of FeLV-A and endogenous related proviral DNA.
T/F. Cats infected with FeLV-A & B are at a higher risk of developing tumors than those just with A supgroup. TRUE
Which subgroup is the only one that is transmitted horizontally from cat to cat? FeLV-A
Which subgroup causes a rapidly fatal nonregenerative anemia and are therefore not transmitted to other cats? FeLV-C
How does the FeLV-C version arise? de novo in a FeLV-A infected cats as a result of mutations in the receptor-binding region of the FeLV-A env gene
Which envelope protein suppresses lymphocyte blastogenesis by blocking the response of T cells to interleukin 1&2? p15E. behaves like a cytokine receptor...NOT an attachment site
FeLV is very liable. What is the difference lifespan of it from dry to wet climates? Dry: inactivation in 3-5 minutes. Wet: survive for 24-48 hours at room temperature
If all cats are removed from a FeLV positive house, how long before a new cat can be reintroduced? 3-4 weeks
What are three ways the virus can be transmitted? Which one has the highest transmission rate? Saliva*. Iatrogenic. In utero.
What 3 types of cells does the FeLV multiply in? T lymphocytes. B lymphocytes. Myeloid cells.
Explain the pathogenesis from transmission to a persistent secondary viremia. Oronasal exposure-Replication in local lymph tissue-low grade(TRANSIENT)viremia-ELISA TEST IS +-Leukocyte and platelet precursors effected in bone marrow-cells released into circulation-presistent SECONDARY viremia-IFA is +
What is the FOCMA antigen? Feline Oncornavirus Membrane-associated Antigen. Tumor-specific antigen present only on the membrane of cells transformed by FeLV or FeSV
What does the FOCMA antibody do? Lyses tumor cells via ADCC and complement activation so cats with high FOCMA are resistant to leukemia and lymphoma regardless of whether they are + or - for FeLV
What does the FOCMA antibody NOT do? Neutralize the virus. Cats can still be viremic and die of nonmalignant diseases
Within 6 weeks after infection, three types of infection can occur: Self-limiting. Persisten active. Latent
Which type of infection do most cats develop? 92-96% develop the Self-limiting infection and have NO viremia and do NOT shed the virus and develop FOCMA and neutralizing antibodies
Can you exclude tumors in the future because the cat has a high FOCMA antibody count? NO...a DNA copy of the FeLV integrates into the host cell DNA
What two characteristics are present in the Persisten Active infection? What is the killer? Persistent viremia and Immunosuppression (KILLER)
What is the deal with the latent infections? The cat's immune system hasnt' destroyed the virus but it's not overwhelmed by it either.Equilibrium. NO SIGNS and NO SHEDDING. Usually asymptomatic but stresses can cause a persistent viremia
Created by: lkollmeier
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