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Energy Transfer/Flow

7.5B, 7.7A Energy Transformations & Flow Through Ecosystems

TermDefinition
FOOD CHAIN Energy path from 1 organism to another showing a linked series; feeds on the 1 next to it in the series.
FOOD WEB Overlapping food chains with different pathways for the flow of food energy in an ecosystem.
OMNIVORE Kind of animal that eats both animals & plants; some will hunt & eat their food, others are scavengers & will eat dead matter; "OMNI-" = ALL.
DETRITAL FOOD WEB Starts with chemical energy stored in organic debris or waste from other food webs; energy flows from debris directly to decomposers that break down organic matter, which becomes food & energy for larger consumers, & then to decomposers; "DETRI-" = WEAR AWAY.
PRODUCER Organisms that transform energy from the Sun & use carbon dioxide & water to make food.
CONSUMER Organisms that feed on other organisms in a food chain.
HERBIVORE Animals that only eat plants or plant products; "HERB-" = PLANT.
CARNIVORE Animals that eat other animals; "CARN-" = MEAT.
PRIMARY CONSUMERS Organisms that get their energy by feeding on producers in the food chain.
SECONDARY CONSUMERS Organisms that get their energy by feeding on primary consumers (herbivores) in the food chain.
TERTIARY CONSUMERS Organisms that get their energy by eating secondary consumers.
DECOMPOSERS Organisms such as bacteria and fungi that break down the remains of dead plants & animals, without need for internal digestion.
TROPHIC LEVEL Any class of organisms occupying the same position in a food chain, such as primary consumers or secondary consumers; "TROPH-" = NOURISH.
ENERGY PYRAMID Shows how much energy transfers to the next trophic level in a food chain.
ECOSYSTEM System consisting of all of the interactions that occur between the abiotic & biotic factors within an environment; "ECO-" = NATURE.
ENERGY TRANSFORMATION Change of energy from 1 form to another.
CHEMICAL ENERGY Energy stored in chemical bonds & released through chemical reactions.
DIGESTION Process of breaking down food into component molecules that can be absorbed into the body & used for energy & nutrients.
MECHANICAL ENERGY Sum of the potential & kinetic energy of an object.
THERMAL ENERGY Total kinetic (motion) energy of tiny particles that make up matter - the faster the particles move, the warmer the matter becomes.
HEAT Energy transferred between 2 objects of different temperatures, moving continually in a predictable pattern from warmer site to cooler site until all sites have reached the same temperature.
Created by: trauberk
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