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Diuretics 1

NUR

QuestionAnswer
Purposes of Diuretics: Decrease HTN, Edema, and Pressure. Increases urine flow, reduces blood vol. and cardiac wk load and pulmonary congestion.
Bumetanide (Bumex) and Ferosimide (Lasix): Potassium wasting/ loop diuretics
Chlorothiazide (Diuril) and Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) Potassium wasting/ thiazide diuretic
Aldactone Potassium sparing
Thiazides Decrease reabsorption NA, H2o, Cl, and bicarbonate, mild diuretic. Not effective for immediate diuresis. Admin in AM. Ca reabsorption. SE: hypokalemia(low k), hyperuricemia. May cause Dig toxicity if used together (bad, slows the heart)
Loop/ High Ceiling Diuretics (Lasix) Blocks Chl pump. Loss of water, Na, Ca, and Mg. Potent/ rapid-acting diuretic. Not used as a hypertensive. SE: dizziness and ringing in the ears.
Osmotic Diuretics: Mannitol Prevent kidney failure, and decrease intracranial pressure r/t cerebral edema, decrease intraocular pressure r/t glaucoma. Loss of water, sodium,and chloride. SE: Fluid and electrolyte imbalance, tachycardia, htn, confusion, cardiac decompensation,shock
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Acetazolamide (Diamox) Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase= decrease secretion of aqueous humor of the eye. Used to decrease IOP SE: F and E imbalance, Paresthesias, contraindicated in 1st trimester of pregnancy.
K+ Sparing- Diuretics: Triamterene (Dyrenium) It acts on collecting tubules, interferes with Na-K+ pump. Aldesterone antagonist (excretes sodium)Mild/ effects may take 48 hrs. Dont take w/ aceinhibitors.SE: Hyperkalemia, lethargy, cardiac arrhythmais, and anorexia.
Outcomes for Diuretic Therapy and Nurse's Role Serum electrolytes WNL, urinary output increased to at least 30 ml/hr. To assess for renal fxn, electrolyte levels, VS, intake and output, blood glucose, and BUN levels.
Created by: ke123
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