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Mbio Module 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anadromous | A life cycle in which creatures are hatched in fresh water, migrate to salt water when adults, and return to fresh water in order to reproduce. |
| Demersal | Fishes that live on the bottom of the ocean |
| Chromatophores | Surface pigment cells that expand and contract to produce various colors |
| Myomeres | Bands of muscle along the sides of fishes used for locomotion |
| Gill rakers | Projections along the inner surface of fishes’ gills used for filter |
| Migrations | The regular movement of an organism from one location to another |
| Catadromous | Referring to fishes that migrate from fresh water to reproduce in the ocean |
| Hermaphroditism | A situation in which an animal has the reproductive organs of both sexes |
| Oviparous | A type of development in which eggs are hatched outside a female’s body |
| Ovoviviparous | A type of development in which eggs are hatched inside the female’s body |
| Viviparous | A type of development in which the young obtain their nutrients directly from the mother and are birthed live |
| Subphylum of Chordata | Vertebrata |
| What is special about subphylum Vertebrata? | Organisms in this subphylum have a vertebral column after development |
| What is a vertebral column? | It is a series of intergrated bone (or other hard substance) that provides support in the body |
| Spinal cord | The cord in the body that is protected by the vertebral column |
| Agnatha | Jawless fish |
| Two orders of Class Agnatha? | Hagfishes, lampreys |
| Class Chondrichthyes | Sharks, rays, skates |
| Why can’t sharks produce true bones? | Because they do not have osteoblasts and osteocytes |
| What type of scales do sharks have? | Placoid scales |
| Why do sharks techinically have teeth all over their body? | Because their teeth and scales are made of the same material! |
| Spiracles | Are the shark’s first gill slits |
| Nares | Are sacs in the olfactory organs (that are blind and do not lead anywhere) that allow the water to flow over them, allowing signals to send signals to the brain from the water. |
| Chimaeras | “Creatures [that] have a short, rounded snout and a long, pointed caudal fin. They are mostly deep-water fishes.” |
| Osteichthyes | Bony fishes |
| What are the 3 types of scale? | Placoid, cycloid, and ctenoid |
| Cycloid | smooth, rounded edge on both inner and outer sides |
| Ctenoid | Comb-like extensions on the inner edge and a toothed outer edge |
| Swim bladder/air bladder | A sac in a fish that hold air to keep the fish afloat |
| What color uses do fish have? | Camouflage, disguise, advertisement |
| What is the purpose of camouflage? | To blend |
| Disguise | Hiding vulnerable parts of the body, disruptive coloration |
| Advertisement | advertising for cleaning or to warn off predators (for poison fishes) |
| Ampullae of Lorenzini | Sensors that detect electrical fields in the water (lateral line) |
| Internal fertilization | The result of direct transfer of sperm from the male to the female |
| Claspers | A sex organ of male sharks for transferring the sperm directly to female |
| Spawning | Where many fish release their gametes at once |
| External fertilization | Where the eggs of the fish are fertilized out of the female’s body |
Created by:
akikoandpoog
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