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Desde la Independen
Desde la Independenica Hasta Hoy (67)
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Hasta | Until |
How long did Spain dominate its colonies until they wanted independence? | 3 Centuries (Siglos) |
La minoria culta | The Civilized Minority |
What was the majority of the civilized minority? | People born in Latin America (Los criollos) |
What did the criollos ask for? | Reforms |
Quejas | Complaints |
What were one of their complaints? | The Monarchy's Political Intervention + The Control of the Economy |
What trade restricitions did the Crown prevent? | Commerce with countries other than Spain |
What would the Crown do with the raw materials? | It would buy it from the colonies at low prices. Then, it would see the manufactured products at high prices. |
What was another problem of the Spanish monarchy that culminated in invasion? | The weakness (la debilidad) of the monachy |
Who then invaded Spain? | France - Napoleon |
When was Spain invaded? | 1808 |
What did Napoleon do after he invaded France? | Named his brother Jose Bonaparte the king of Spain |
When did the rebels of independence begin? | The 19th Century (1800s) |
Who were the main rebel leaders? | Simon Bolivar + Jose de San Martin |
Where did Bolivar fight? | In the North - Venezuela and Colombia |
Where did Jose de San Martin? | In the South - Argentina and Chile - Continued along the coast until Lima (Peru) |
Where were the two rebels reunited? | Guayaquil |
When were the two rebels reunited? | 1822 |
De acuerdo | Agree |
Sobre | About |
What could the two rebels not agree on? | A postwar policy (una política de posguerra) |
Where did San Martin withdraw to? | France |
What did Bolivar do after San Martin withdrew? | Continued to Fight |
El mariscal | Marshal |
Under what do people did the domination of Spain end? | Bolivar and el mariscal Sucre (Marshal Sucre) |
When did the domination of Spain end in Latin America? | 1824 |
With what two battles did the domination of Spain end? | Junin and Ayacucho |
Aun | Even |
Surgir | To Rise |
Even before the independence, what begin to rise? | Separatist and regionalist interests (intereses) |
En vez de | Instead |
What was the dream (sueño) of Bolivar? | To form a grand political entity in Latin America |
What happened instead of Bolivar's dream? | The viceroys divided into many different nations |
Virreinato | Viceroy |
Desde | Since/From |
What was the history of the andean countries Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia's independence like? | Rather turbulent with confrontations |
Enfrentamientos | Confrontations |
What were the confrontations between? | Conservatives and Liberals |
What did the andean countries' governments have? | Have had democratic governments and dictatorships |
What have the andean countries all enjoyed? | Stable (estable) periods and instable periods |
What have the andean countries conserved? | The majority of the population of the indigenous people of Latin America |
What percent have the indigenous and mestizo populations reached in Latin America? | 70 Percent |
Where is there a strong renaissence (un fuerte renacimiento) of interest? | In all "native" interest |
What is the indigenous population asking for? | A voice (un voz) in government and leadership in every country |
Leadership | liderazago |
El poder | Power |
Who continues to exercise the most power? | The high class in Latin American (los criollos) |