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Review pt.2
Principles of Democracy, The Constitution, and The Bill of Rights
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Limited Government | Government is not all powerful. |
| Federalism | Power is shared between the national and state governments. |
| Equal Protection | All are equal under the law 14th amendment guarantees our equal protection. |
| Majority Rule | The greater number will decide (simply majority – 50.1%). |
| Individual Rights and Freedoms | These are rights which are guaranteed by the Constitution and cannot be taken away. |
| Popular Sovereignty | the people rule |
| Consent of the Governed | the people give the government permission |
| Rule of Law | No one is above the law |
| Checks and Balances | Each branch checks the power of the other two branches in order to balance the power. |
| Separation of Powers | Each branch has a specific responsibility, each branch is of equal importance |
| The Constitution | fundamental principles of the US government |
| Bill of Rights | The first 10 Amendments made to the Constitution to ensure individual rights and freedoms |
| Article 1 of the Constitution | Legislative Branch. Gives the requirements of Congress as well as the powers it has and does not have. |
| Article 2 of the Constitution | Executive Branch. Gives the requirements of the Executive branch as well as the powers of the president. |
| Article 3 of the Constitution | Judicial branch. Gives the requirement of the Judicial branch as well as the powers of the Supreme Court. |
| Amendment 1 | Right to free speech, press, peaceful assembly, protest, and religion. |
| Amendment 2 | Right to bear arms |
| Amendment 3 | No quartering of soldier in a person's home without consent. |
| Amendment 4 | Right to protections against unlawful search and seizures. |
| Amendment 5 | Right to due process of law, freedom from self-incrimination, and double jeopardy. "I plead the fifth." |
| Amendment 6 | Rights of accused persons, e.g., right to a speedy and public trial. |
| Amendment 7 | Right of trial by jury in civil cases |
| Amendment 8 | Freedom from excessive bail, cruel and unusual punishments. |
| Amendment 9 | Any right not listed in the Bill of RIghts are still the rights of the people and the government cannot take them away. |
| Amendment 10 | The rights not covered by the Constitution are hereby the States rights or the rights of the people. |
| Values | Principles or ideas which groups or individuals believe in strongly and which guide their behavior. |
| Principles | A basic rule that guides or influence thoughts or actions. |
| Picketing | To march outside of an establishment, typically with posters and signs, to communicate displeasure to workers and the public. |
| Petitions | A petition is a formal, written statement asking a government official to do or not to do something. |
| lawsuits | When a lawsuit is filed, the issue will go to court. |
| referendum | The use of a referendum enables citizens to vote to approve or reject laws passed by the legislature |
| Boycott | A group’s refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization in protest against its policies. |
| Initiative | An initiative is a law that originates with the voters. The initiative is placed on the ballot for the voters’ approval. |
| Voting | Those who disagree with an elected official can organize a campaign to encourage citizens to vote for another person whom they support at the next election. |
| Dissent and Protest | When citizens disagree with decision made by government officials. There are numerous examples. |
| Oral and written communications to media | By writing letters to the editor of a newspaper or other publication or by communicating with other forms of media, citizens can express their dissent and protest the actions of the government. |
| Oral and written communications to public officials | This is a very effective way for citizens to express their opinions to public officials on subjects of interest to them. |
| Amendment 14 | Called: Citizenship Rights, Equal Protection, Apportionment, Civil War Debt. Granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States—including former slaves—and guaranteed all citizens “equal protection of the laws.” |
| Amendment 13 | Abolition of Slavery |
| Amendment 15 | Right to vote not denied by race. No man can be denied the right to vote due to their skin color. |
| Amendment 19 | Women's right to vote |
| Amendment 26 | Right to vote at the age of 18 |
| Amendment 25 | Presidential Disability and Succession: If the President is sick or cannot do his job, the Vice President can step up and take the Presidents place. |
| Amendment 18 | Prohibition of Alcohol. It is illegal to own, drink, or make alcohol. |
| Amendment 21 | Repeal of Prohibition. The 18th Amendment was repealed and now it is legal to drink, own, and make alcohol. |
| Article 4 | This article speaks on States, Citizenship, and New States. It outlines the rights of the states, the rights of the citizens within a state, and how new states can be made. |
| Article 5 | Amendment Process. This means the process the federal government has to go through in order to amend the Constitution. Ex: 2/3 vote in Congress and 2/3 vote of all the States in order for an Amendment to be placed. |
| Article 6 | Debts, Supremacy, Oaths, Religious Tests. Establishes the Constitution as the supreme law of the USA and that Public officials must take an oath to support it. It also authorizes the national debt, meaning that Congress can borrow money. |
| Article 7 | Ratification. Established that the Constitution shall become the official law of the ratifying states when nine states ratified the document. |
Created by:
aendlich
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