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Imperialism/ Nationa

SHS MWH Unit 7

TermDefinition
Meiji Restoration 1867 transfer of power from the Tokugawa Shogunate to the Meiji Emperor of Japan. This began a period of reforms and modernization for Japan.
Social Darwinism “survival of the fittest”, dominant cultures are able to exert their power over weaker cultures.
sphere of influence outside power controls investment, trading in a city or region of another country (a big problem for China in the 1800s)
“Jewel in the Crown” India’s nickname because it was England’s most valuable colony
Sepoy Mutiny 1857 uprising of Indian soldiers over a rumor about grease cartridges. Led to the direct rule of the British government in India.
Sepoys Indian soldiers (Hindus and Muslims) working under the British East India Company
Indian National Congress nationalist group represented Hindus
Muslim League nationalist group represented Muslims.
First Sino-Japanese war Japan defeated China, 1894 to 1895 to take control of Korea
Russo-Japanese War 1905 Japan defeated Russia extending their hold on Korea and further into mainland Asia.
Berlin Conference From 1884 to 1885 14 European nations agreed on how to divide Africa. The only rule was that countries must prove ability to control any land they claimed.
Shaka Zulu Zulu chief—created centralized state around 1816 and was able to fight off European powers.
Boers Dutch farmers who had settled in South Africa in the 1600s.
1899 Boer War War between British and Dutch farmers in South Africa, British won
Spanish-American War 1898 war which gave the US control of the Philippines, Puerto Rico and Guam.
Monroe Doctrine US policy which told Europeans to stay out of the Americas.
Panama Canal manmade body of water which allowed ships to sail from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific without going around South America. (1914)
Queen Victoria of England ruled from 1837 to 1901 During this time that industrialization and imperialism were at their height.
Prussia Northern German state whose rulers wanted to unify their own territory and create a large German country. It was a very militaristic country, with a more urban and educated population.
Austria Southern German state that was ethnically German, but as an empire it had many other ethnic groups under its control. Ruled by the Hapsburg family.
Otto von Bismarck Prussian Chancellor who unified Germany, was a master of realpolitik
Realpolitik someone who is willing to do anything to achieve his political goals, even go to war.
Seven Weeks War Prussia used war with Austria to gain unify German city-states in the north and extend power in the south.
Franco- Prussian War Prussia vs France. Napoleon III of France captured. Prussia won the war and Germany became unified under the Kaiser Wilhelm I.
Kaiser Wilhelm I First leader of unified Germany
American Civil War1861-1865 failed nationalist movement in the US, Southern states saw themselves as having a different culture and set of values as northern states. Issues of slavery and states rights vs federal power.
Commodore Matthew Perry US Naval leader who ended Japanese isolation through the threat of force.
Meiji era “enlightened rule” of Emperor Mutsuhito’s reign in Japan
Satsuma Rebellion 1877 the last of samurai warriors tried to rebel against the meiji government and reforms. The samurai warriors were cut down by the use of modern technology in the new Japanese military.
Opium Wars started when china tried to stop the sale of opium, China lost the war to more modern British navy
1842 Treaty of Nanjing gave British control of Hong Kong
extraterritorial rights granted immunity to prosecution under the laws of a country to the nationals of another country; under most circumstances, the foreign national is tried according to the home nation's laws and courts.
Taiping Rebellion 1850 to 1864 nationalist religious movement. It was initially successful but was eventually defeated by internal fighting, outside attacks.
Open Door Policy 1899 stated that china should be open to trade with all nations, and no other country could collect taxes on trade in china. This policy stopped the colonization of china.
Boxer Rebellion Led by Boxers - Anti-government, anti-European peasants, wanted reforms and were even able to take Beijing, the were defeated by a coalition of foreign armies and the imperial army.
Society of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists (Boxers) nationalist movement in China Sun Yat Sen
Created by: AGilstrap47
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