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English 108B U1
Unit 1 Arguments and Speeches Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hypophora | a rhetorical technique in which a writer or speaker asks a question and immediately answers it; used for emphasis, to build curiosity, or to introduce a new topic |
| Ethos | Sounds like ethics. A person with good ethics is trustworthy. a mode of persuasion in which the language and descriptions used are intended to convince an audience that an author is credible and trustworthy |
| Pathos | Originally a Greek word meaning “suffering.” An appeal to pathos might include a discussion of suffering. a mode of persuasion in which the language and descriptions used by an author appeal to an audience’s emotions |
| Logos | Greek word meaning “reason.” a mode of persuasion in which the language and descriptions used by an author appeal to an audience’s sense of reason and logic |
| Rhetorical Device | a technique that a writer or speaker uses to make a point; includes techniques such as parallel structure, allusion, repetition, figurative language, imagery, refrain, quotation, and first-person-plural mode of address |
| Parallel Structure | a rhetorical device in which similar words, phrases, or clauses are used to emphasize ideas |
| Repetition | Repetition can be a very powerful rhetorical device. When an author uses repetition, a word, phrase, or sentence is repeated several times throughout the text. |
| Authors Purpose | Authors write for many reasons: to entertain, to persuade or argue, and to inform. They use specific word choices, appeals, and rhetorical strategies to convey points, connect with and engage readers, and to express and inspire emotion." |
| Formal Language | the choice of words, phrases, and sentences that adhere to the conventional standards of grammar, usage, and mechanics |
| Informal Language | The prefix in- shows that informal is the opposite of formal. language that may include, for example, slang, idioms and colloquialisms, contractions, humor, simple sentence structure, and fragments |
| Seminal Documents | Speeches, essays, and other texts that have great historical and literary significance |
| Relevant | Closely connected or appropriate to the matter/claim/argument at hand |
| Credible | believable; reliable |
| Rhetoric/Rhetorical Device | Literary techniques used to heighten the effectiveness of expression can be credible or fallacious. |
| Theme | the subject of a talk, a piece of writing, a person's thoughts, or an exhibition; a topic. |
| Bias | Preference or prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair. |
| Argument | A statement put forth and supported by evidence |
| Claim | An assertion/statement, usually supported by evidence |
| Evaluate | Examine and judge carefully. |
| Speaker | A term used for the author, speaker, or the person whose perspective (real or imagined) is being advanced in a speech or piece of writing |
| Counterclaim | A position or new claim(s) taken by someone with an opposing viewpoint to the original claim(s). |
| Rebuttal | A counterargument to an arguments claim(s), especially in debate |
| Viewpoint | The way someone sees something; their perspective |
| Authors Purpose | The reason the author has for writing. ( Inform, persuade, express, & entertain) |
| Summarize | Give a brief statement of the main points of (something).To sum it up and leave out minor details. |
| Persusion/Persuasive | Writing or an argument that tries to convince your reader of a point of view using logic and reason |
| Repetition | Repeated use of sounds, words, or ideas for effect and emphasis |
| Call to action | Writing that urges people to action or promotes change. |
| Antithesis " | The direct opposite, a sharp contrast. Make a point and then share the oppositve view or share the opposite view to make your point. " |
| Paradox | A statement that seems contradictory but is actually true |
| Anaphora | repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines |
| Fallacious Reasoning | Faulty or mistaken logic. False reasoning. |
| Paraphrase | Express the meaning of (the writer or speaker or something written or spoken) using different words, especially to achieve greater clarity. More detailed than a summary and less detailed than a quote. |
| English 108B Unit 1 Terms and definitions | The purpose of these terms and definitions is for mastery learning and retrival practice. |
Created by:
lfrost_id
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