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Brandi Sizemore

Week 2 Physiology Activity and Quiz 2021

QuestionAnswer
Which of the following is polymer of glucose that is sometimes referred to as animal starch? Glycogen
In base pairing of DNA molecules, ______ is bound to ________. adenine; thymine
RNA and DNA have the same pyrimidine bases but different purine bases. False
Chaperone proteins assist in the proper folding of other proteins so they can have the correct functional shape. True
Which term means "water-loving" and applies to the phospholipid head? Hydrophilic
The most important monosaccharide is glucose.
The carbon-containing molecules formed by living things are often called organic molecules.
A triglyceride is composed of a glycerol molecule and three of the same type of fatty acid. False
All proteins have which four elements? Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen
A very large molecule composed of subunits of sugar, a nitrogen base, and a phosphate bond is a nucleic acid.
Which of these is not a lipid? polysaccharide
ATP is the form of energy that cells generally use.
The lipid that is often referred to as a tissue hormone is prostaglandin.
Proteins are polymers of amino acids.
What term is often used to describe certain arrangements of atoms attached to the carbon core of many organic molecules? Functional group
DNA and RNA are important information molecules.
When two amino acids are joined, a peptide bond is formed and an H+ ion is released. False
Any large molecule made up of many identical small molecules is called a(n) polymer
What determines how a protein performs? shape.
A saturated fatty acid is one in which all available bonds of its hydrocarbon chain are filled.
If one side of a DNA molecule is CTAGGCTG, the other side would be GATCCGAC
The formation of sucrose involves the removal of a molecule of water. This is called dehydration synthesis.
Humans can synthesize 13 of 21 basic amino acids; the remaining 8, which must be included in the diet, are called: essential amino acids.
All of the following substances are organic except electrolytes.
Which of the following is not true of both triglycerides and phospholipids? They both contain a hydrophobic and hydrophilic end.
The types of lipids found that form hormones, such as cortisone, estrogen, and testosterone are: steroids.
The alpha helix is an example of which level of protein structure? Secondary
Which of the following is not true of RNA? -It contains ribose sugar -It contains adenine. -It is composed of smaller molecules called nucleotides. -ALL OF THE ABOVE ARE TRUE OF RNA.
When two molecules of glucose are joined, they form which disaccharide?? Maltose
A_________ is a functional group that is temporarily unattached and is highly reactive because of unpaired electrons. free radical
Which lipid acts as a "tissue hormone"? Prostaglandin
Peptide bonds join together molecules of amino acids.
Which of the following is not true of carbohydrates? -They include substances commonly called sugars. -They are the body's primary source of energy. -They are a part of both DNA and RNA.
The amino group in an amino acid is NH3+
The basic building blocks of fats are fatty acids and glycerol.
Which level of protein structure refers to the number, kind, and sequence of amino acids? Primary
Which lipid is part of Vitamin D? Steroids
DNA is a double-helix strand of nucleotides
What is the most important factor in determining the physical and chemical properties of fatty acids? Degree of saturation
Unsaturated fats will kink or bend because of the double bonds between the carbon atoms.
The term glycoprotein, a combination of two words, tells you that the compound is made of _________, with _______ being the dominant component. carbohydrate and protein: protein
A structural lipid found in the cell membrane is a -phospholipid. -steroid.
Which of the following is not one of the major groups of organic substances in the human body? Salts
Which energy-releasing or energy-transferring molecules does not contain a nucleotide? Creatine phosphate
The element that is present in all proteins but not in carbohydrates is nitrogen.
The type of lipoprotein associated with "bad" cholesterol and the production of atherosclerotic changes in blood vessels is LDL.
Prostaglandins and steroids share which of the following characteristics? Both have a ring structure in their molecule.
The roles played by proteins can be divided into which categories? Structural and Functional
Amino acids frequently become joined by peptide bonds.
Sometimes referred to as animal starch, _______ is the main polysaccharide in the body. glycogen
Created by: Brandi Sizemore
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