Question 1

The fan-shaped projection of peritoneum that connects the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall is the:
  visceral peritoneum. 
  greater omentum. 
  lesser omentum. 
  mesentery.

Accepted Answer

mesentery.

Question 2

Microvilli can be found in the:
  stomach. 
  small intestine. 
  large intestine. 
  Both B and C are correct.

Accepted Answer

Both B and C are correct.

Question 3

The most essential part of bile is:
  bile salts. 
  bile pigments. 
  cholesterol. 
  bilirubin.

Accepted Answer

bile salts.

Question 4

The walls of the GI tract are composed of ____ layers of tissue.
  two 
  three 
  four 
  five

Accepted Answer

four

Question 5

Which of the following salivary glands produces only a mucus type of saliva?
  Sublinguals 
  Parotids 
  Submandibulars 
  Both A and B

Accepted Answer

Sublinguals

Question 6

The flap of tissue suspended from the midpoint of the posterior border of the soft palate is the:
  fauces. 
  frenulum. 
  uvula. 
  gingiva.

Accepted Answer

uvula.

Question 7

Bile is secreted by:
  parietal cells. 
  crypts of Lieberkühn. 
  Kupffer cells. 
  hepatic cells.

Accepted Answer

hepatic cells.

Question 8

Which of the following is not an anatomical part of the small intestine?
  Duodenum 
  Cecum 
  Ileum 
  Jejunum

Accepted Answer

Cecum

Question 9

Which of the following organs has a mucosal layer that is composed of columnar epithelium with a brush border of microvilli to enhance absorption?
  Esophagus 
  Large intestine 
  Small intestine 
  Stomach

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Question 10

Surgical removal of the gallbladder is referred to as:
  cholelithiasis. 
  cholecystitis. 
  cholecystectomy. 
  choledochorrhaphy.

Accepted Answer

cholecystectomy.

Question 11

The type of tissue designed for absorption and secretion found throughout much of the GI tract is _____ epithelium.
  simple columnar 
  stratified squamous 
  simple squamous 
  pseudostratified

Accepted Answer

simple columnar

Question 12

Approximately how much saliva do the three pairs of compound tubuloalveolar glands (parotids, submandibulars, and sublinguals) secrete each day?
  200 ml 
  500 ml 
  750 ml 
  1 liter

Accepted Answer

1 liter

Question 13

The more common term for deglutition is:
  chewing. 
  swallowing. 
  mechanical digestion. 
  vomiting.

Accepted Answer

swallowing.

Question 14

The hard palate consists of portions of:
  four bones: three maxillae and one palatine. 
  two bones: one maxillae and one palatine. 
  four bones: two maxillae and two palatines. 
  two bones: two palatines.

Accepted Answer

four bones: two maxillae and two palatines.

Question 15

Which of the following organs has a mucosa layer composed of stratified squamous epithelium that resists abrasion?
  Esophagus 
  Stomach 
  Small intestine 
  Large intestine

Accepted Answer

Esophagus

Question 16

Which of the following is not a lobe of the liver?
  Right lobe 
  Medial lobe 
  Left lobe 
  Caudate lobe 
  Quadrate lobe

Accepted Answer

Medial lobe

Question 17

Which of the following structures is anatomically the longest?
  Esophagus 
  Duodenum 
  Jejunum 
  Ileum

Accepted Answer

Ileum

Question 18

All of the following are classified as accessory organs of the digestive system except the:
  tongue. 
  mouth. 
  liver. 
  pancreas.

Accepted Answer

mouth.

Question 19

A barium enema study is used to detect and locate:
  polyps. 
  tumors. 
  diverticula. 
  all of the above.

Accepted Answer

all of the above.

Question 20

Phagocytic cells lining liver sinusoids are called _____ cells.
  chief 
  alpha 
  Kupffer 
  hepatic

Accepted Answer

Kupffer

Question 21

The part of the colon that lies in the vertical position, on the left side of the abdomen, extending from a point below the stomach and spleen to the level of the iliac crest is the _____ colon.
  ascending 
  transverse 
  descending 
  sigmoid

Accepted Answer

descending

Question 22

After leaving the stomach, food enters the:
  large intestine. 
  small intestine. 
  esophagus. 
  rectum.

Accepted Answer

small intestine.

Question 23

The right angle between the transverse colon and the ascending colon is the:
  costal angle. 
  hepatic flexure. 
  left colonic bend. 
  splenic flexure.

Accepted Answer

hepatic flexure.

Question 24

Which of the following papillae of the tongue lack taste buds?
  Vallate 
  Fungiform 
  Filiform 
  Lingual

Accepted Answer

Filiform

Question 25

The longest portion of the small intestine is the:
  duodenum. 
  ileum. 
  jejunum. 
  colon.

Accepted Answer

ileum.

Question 26

The numerous small elevations on the surface of the tongue that support taste buds are called:
  cilia. 
  rugae. 
  villi. 
  papillae.

Accepted Answer

papillae.

Question 27

The substance that forms the outer covering of the neck and root of a tooth is:
  enamel. 
  dentin. 
  cementum. 
  pulp.

Accepted Answer

cementum.

Question 28

The hormone that stimulates the gallbladder to release bile is:
  enterogastrone. 
  insulin. 
  gastrin. 
  cholecystokinin.

Accepted Answer

cholecystokinin.

Question 29

Bicarbonates are useful in the GI tract to:
  neutralize hydrochloric acid. 
  break down fats. 
  activate secretin. 
  activate pepsin.

Accepted Answer

neutralize hydrochloric acid.

Question 30

Which of the following is a disaccharide?
  Glucose 
  Starch 
  Sucrose 
  Glycogen

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 31

An end product of fat digestion is:
  glycerol. 
  glucose. 
  glycogen. 
  galactose.

Accepted Answer

glycerol.

Question 32

Rotavirus can cause what life-threatening condition in infants?
  Constipation 
  Diarrhea 
  Cholera 
  Pyloric stenosis

Accepted Answer

Diarrhea

Question 33

Which blood vessel carries absorbed food from the GI tract to the liver?
  Hepatic artery 
  Hepatic vein 
  Portal vein 
  Renal artery

Accepted Answer

Portal vein

Question 34

Which of the following is not one of the openings that must be blocked when food moves from the pharynx into the esophagus?
  Oropharynx 
  Nasopharynx 
  Larynx 
  Mouth

Accepted Answer

Oropharynx

Question 35

The hormone that inhibits gastric muscle, slowing passage of food into the duodenum, is called:
  gastric inhibitory peptide. 
  enterogastrone. 
  chyme. 
  cholecystokinin.

Accepted Answer

gastric inhibitory peptide.

Question 36

The major site for the absorption of the end products of digestion is the:
  stomach. 
  small intestine. 
  cecum. 
  large intestine.

Accepted Answer

small intestine.

Question 37

Which step of deglutition is under voluntary control?
  Oral stage 
  Pharyngeal stage 
  Esophageal stage 
  Gastric phase

Accepted Answer

Oral stage

Question 38

Cellulose is a residue of digestion that comes from:
  carbohydrates. 
  meat proteins. 
  undigested fats. 
  undigested connective tissue.

Accepted Answer

carbohydrates.

Question 39

The sodium cotransport or coupled transport acts to transport sodium ions and glucose molecules _____ the GI lumen.
  passively out of 
  passively into 
  actively out of 
  actively into

Accepted Answer

passively out of

Question 40

Which of the following is not true of enzymes?
  They accelerate chemical reactions. 
  They change chemically and are in the end products of the reaction. 
  They are vital to chemical reactions. 
  Many contain vitamins in their structure.

Accepted Answer

They change chemically and are in the end products of the reaction.

Question 41

Which of these is not an example of mechanical digestion?
  Moistening the food 
  Changing food from large to small particles 
  Propelling food through the digestive tract 
  All of the above are examples of mechanical digestion.

Accepted Answer

Moistening the food

Question 42

When classified according to the kind of chemical reactions catalyzed, digestive enzymes are referred to as _____ enzymes.
  oxidation-reduction 
  hydrolyzing 
  phosphorylating 
  hydrase

Accepted Answer

hydrolyzing

Question 43

The hormone that stimulates the release of bicarbonate substance from the pancreas is:
  enterogastrone. 
  secretin. 
  gastrin. 
  cholecystokinin-pancreozymin.

Accepted Answer

secretin.

Question 44

Glucose moves from the GI tract into the circulatory system by the process of:
  diffusion. 
  cotransport. 
  facilitated diffusion. 
  filtration.

Accepted Answer

cotransport.

Question 45

The enterogastric reflex causes:
  secretion of digestive enzymes in the small intestine. 
  secretion of digestive enzymes in the stomach. 
  inhibition of gastric peristalsis. 
  acceleration of gastric peristalsis.

Accepted Answer

inhibition of gastric peristalsis.

Question 46

Polysaccharides are hydrolyzed into disaccharides by enzymes known as:
  lipase. 
  proteases. 
  maltase. 
  amylase.

Accepted Answer

amylase.

Question 47

The enzyme pepsin begins the digestion of:
  carbohydrates. 
  protein. 
  fat. 
  nucleic acids.

Accepted Answer

protein.

Question 48

Hydrolysis refers to:
  breaking down a molecule of water to hydrogen and oxygen gas. 
  using water to split larger compounds into smaller ones. 
  using water to build larger compounds from smaller ones. 
  none of the above.

Accepted Answer

using water to split larger compounds into smaller ones.

Question 49

Which of the processes of mechanical digestion involves the esophagus?
  Deglutition 
  Peristalsis 
  Churning 
  Both A and B

Accepted Answer

Both A and B

Question 50

The substances absorbed into the lymph capillaries are:
  glycerol and fatty acids. 
  glucose and glycerol. 
  amino acids and fatty acids. 
  glucose and amino acids.

Accepted Answer

glycerol and fatty acids.

Question 51

The hormone thought to be a messenger causing release of digestive enzymes from the intestinal mucosa is:
  vasoactive intestinal peptide. 
  enterogastrone. 
  secretin. 
  cholecystokinin-pancreozymin.

Accepted Answer

vasoactive intestinal peptide.

Question 52

The process of swallowing is known as:
  mastication. 
  deglutition. 
  peristalsis. 
  segmentation.

Accepted Answer

deglutition.

Question 53

Which phase(s) of gastric secretion is(are) stimulated by the sight, taste, and smell of food?
  Intestinal phase 
  Cephalic phase 
  Gastric phase 
  All of the above

Accepted Answer

Cephalic phase

Question 54

The final product of carbohydrate digestion is a:
  disaccharide. 
  monosaccharide. 
  polysaccharide. 
  fatty acid.

Accepted Answer

monosaccharide.

Question 55

The process of fat emulsification consists of:
  chemically breaking down fat molecules. 
  the secretion of digestive juices for fat digestion. 
  absorption of fats. 
  breaking fats into small droplets.

Accepted Answer

breaking fats into small droplets.

Question 56

The purpose of peristalsis is to:
  break apart chunks of food and mix it in digestive juices. 
  propel food forward along the GI tract. 
  absorb food. 
  enable swallowing.

Accepted Answer

propel food forward along the GI tract.

Question	Answer
The fan-shaped projection of peritoneum that connects the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall is the: visceral peritoneum. greater omentum. lesser omentum. mesentery.	mesentery.
Microvilli can be found in the: stomach. small intestine. large intestine. Both B and C are correct.	Both B and C are correct.
The most essential part of bile is: bile salts. bile pigments. cholesterol. bilirubin.	bile salts.
The walls of the GI tract are composed of ____ layers of tissue. two three four five	four
Which of the following salivary glands produces only a mucus type of saliva? Sublinguals Parotids Submandibulars Both A and B	Sublinguals
The flap of tissue suspended from the midpoint of the posterior border of the soft palate is the: fauces. frenulum. uvula. gingiva.	uvula.
Bile is secreted by: parietal cells. crypts of Lieberkühn. Kupffer cells. hepatic cells.	hepatic cells.
Which of the following is not an anatomical part of the small intestine? Duodenum Cecum Ileum Jejunum	Cecum
Which of the following organs has a mucosal layer that is composed of columnar epithelium with a brush border of microvilli to enhance absorption? Esophagus Large intestine Small intestine Stomach	Small intestine
Surgical removal of the gallbladder is referred to as: cholelithiasis. cholecystitis. cholecystectomy. choledochorrhaphy.	cholecystectomy.
The type of tissue designed for absorption and secretion found throughout much of the GI tract is _____ epithelium. simple columnar stratified squamous simple squamous pseudostratified	simple columnar
Approximately how much saliva do the three pairs of compound tubuloalveolar glands (parotids, submandibulars, and sublinguals) secrete each day? 200 ml 500 ml 750 ml 1 liter	1 liter
The more common term for deglutition is: chewing. swallowing. mechanical digestion. vomiting.	swallowing.
The hard palate consists of portions of: four bones: three maxillae and one palatine. two bones: one maxillae and one palatine. four bones: two maxillae and two palatines. two bones: two palatines.	four bones: two maxillae and two palatines.
Which of the following organs has a mucosa layer composed of stratified squamous epithelium that resists abrasion? Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine	Esophagus
Which of the following is not a lobe of the liver? Right lobe Medial lobe Left lobe Caudate lobe Quadrate lobe	Medial lobe
Which of the following structures is anatomically the longest? Esophagus Duodenum Jejunum Ileum	Ileum
All of the following are classified as accessory organs of the digestive system except the: tongue. mouth. liver. pancreas.	mouth.
A barium enema study is used to detect and locate: polyps. tumors. diverticula. all of the above.	all of the above.
Phagocytic cells lining liver sinusoids are called _____ cells. chief alpha Kupffer hepatic	Kupffer
The part of the colon that lies in the vertical position, on the left side of the abdomen, extending from a point below the stomach and spleen to the level of the iliac crest is the _____ colon. ascending transverse descending sigmoid	descending
After leaving the stomach, food enters the: large intestine. small intestine. esophagus. rectum.	small intestine.
The right angle between the transverse colon and the ascending colon is the: costal angle. hepatic flexure. left colonic bend. splenic flexure.	hepatic flexure.
Which of the following papillae of the tongue lack taste buds? Vallate Fungiform Filiform Lingual	Filiform
The longest portion of the small intestine is the: duodenum. ileum. jejunum. colon.	ileum.
The numerous small elevations on the surface of the tongue that support taste buds are called: cilia. rugae. villi. papillae.	papillae.
The substance that forms the outer covering of the neck and root of a tooth is: enamel. dentin. cementum. pulp.	cementum.
The hormone that stimulates the gallbladder to release bile is: enterogastrone. insulin. gastrin. cholecystokinin.	cholecystokinin.
Bicarbonates are useful in the GI tract to: neutralize hydrochloric acid. break down fats. activate secretin. activate pepsin.	neutralize hydrochloric acid.
Which of the following is a disaccharide? Glucose Starch Sucrose Glycogen	Sucrose
An end product of fat digestion is: glycerol. glucose. glycogen. galactose.	glycerol.
Rotavirus can cause what life-threatening condition in infants? Constipation Diarrhea Cholera Pyloric stenosis	Diarrhea
Which blood vessel carries absorbed food from the GI tract to the liver? Hepatic artery Hepatic vein Portal vein Renal artery	Portal vein
Which of the following is not one of the openings that must be blocked when food moves from the pharynx into the esophagus? Oropharynx Nasopharynx Larynx Mouth	Oropharynx
The hormone that inhibits gastric muscle, slowing passage of food into the duodenum, is called: gastric inhibitory peptide. enterogastrone. chyme. cholecystokinin.	gastric inhibitory peptide.
The major site for the absorption of the end products of digestion is the: stomach. small intestine. cecum. large intestine.	small intestine.
Which step of deglutition is under voluntary control? Oral stage Pharyngeal stage Esophageal stage Gastric phase	Oral stage
Cellulose is a residue of digestion that comes from: carbohydrates. meat proteins. undigested fats. undigested connective tissue.	carbohydrates.
The sodium cotransport or coupled transport acts to transport sodium ions and glucose molecules _____ the GI lumen. passively out of passively into actively out of actively into	passively out of
Which of the following is not true of enzymes? They accelerate chemical reactions. They change chemically and are in the end products of the reaction. They are vital to chemical reactions. Many contain vitamins in their structure.	They change chemically and are in the end products of the reaction.
Which of these is not an example of mechanical digestion? Moistening the food Changing food from large to small particles Propelling food through the digestive tract All of the above are examples of mechanical digestion.	Moistening the food
When classified according to the kind of chemical reactions catalyzed, digestive enzymes are referred to as _____ enzymes. oxidation-reduction hydrolyzing phosphorylating hydrase	hydrolyzing
The hormone that stimulates the release of bicarbonate substance from the pancreas is: enterogastrone. secretin. gastrin. cholecystokinin-pancreozymin.	secretin.
Glucose moves from the GI tract into the circulatory system by the process of: diffusion. cotransport. facilitated diffusion. filtration.	cotransport.
The enterogastric reflex causes: secretion of digestive enzymes in the small intestine. secretion of digestive enzymes in the stomach. inhibition of gastric peristalsis. acceleration of gastric peristalsis.	inhibition of gastric peristalsis.
Polysaccharides are hydrolyzed into disaccharides by enzymes known as: lipase. proteases. maltase. amylase.	amylase.
The enzyme pepsin begins the digestion of: carbohydrates. protein. fat. nucleic acids.	protein.
Hydrolysis refers to: breaking down a molecule of water to hydrogen and oxygen gas. using water to split larger compounds into smaller ones. using water to build larger compounds from smaller ones. none of the above.	using water to split larger compounds into smaller ones.
Which of the processes of mechanical digestion involves the esophagus? Deglutition Peristalsis Churning Both A and B	Both A and B
The substances absorbed into the lymph capillaries are: glycerol and fatty acids. glucose and glycerol. amino acids and fatty acids. glucose and amino acids.	glycerol and fatty acids.
The hormone thought to be a messenger causing release of digestive enzymes from the intestinal mucosa is: vasoactive intestinal peptide. enterogastrone. secretin. cholecystokinin-pancreozymin.	vasoactive intestinal peptide.
The process of swallowing is known as: mastication. deglutition. peristalsis. segmentation.	deglutition.
Which phase(s) of gastric secretion is(are) stimulated by the sight, taste, and smell of food? Intestinal phase Cephalic phase Gastric phase All of the above	Cephalic phase
The final product of carbohydrate digestion is a: disaccharide. monosaccharide. polysaccharide. fatty acid.	monosaccharide.
The process of fat emulsification consists of: chemically breaking down fat molecules. the secretion of digestive juices for fat digestion. absorption of fats. breaking fats into small droplets.	breaking fats into small droplets.
The purpose of peristalsis is to: break apart chunks of food and mix it in digestive juices. propel food forward along the GI tract. absorb food. enable swallowing.	propel food forward along the GI tract.

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A/P Week 13