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Nature of Science

QuestionAnswer
What is a dependent variable? The dependent variable refers to what is being measured (the data collected during the experiment) Sometimes called the 'outcome variable'.
What is an independent variable? The independent variable (sometimes called the 'test variable') is what the scientist intentionally changes during the experiment.
What is a control variable? The control variable (think Control Freaks leave one group normal) refers to a group in the independent variable that is left NORMAL- acts as a baseline for the scientist.
What are constants? Constants are things in the experiment that STAY the SAME- this ensure that your results are accurate and valid.
Why are experiments repeated many times by the same and then replicated other scientists? The scientist repeats the experiment to confirm the results. Other scientists replicate the experiment and if the results are the same it confirms and validates the findings.
When researching, what types of sources should be used? Articles from reputable scientific organizations, journals and magazines.
What does it mean to 'analyze data'? Scientists analyze data to determine whether or not it supports the hypothesis that was made.
What does it mean to 'collect data'? Scientists collect/record data during their experiment/investigation.
When a scientist is unsure the accuracy of his/her experiment, what should they do? If errors are found or a scientist is unsure of their experiment's accuracy, they should repeat the experiment.
If a scientist's results are replicable, what should be true about their measurements (data)? When replicating an experiment the measurements should be extremely close, but not exactly the same, when obtained under identical conditions.
What are some reasons that scientists use models? When the objects they are studying are too small, too far are too dangerous, scientists can use model to help them understand/experiment.
What is a systematic observation? A systematic observation is an investigation that requires recognizing a pattern and observing something in its natural setting.
What are some limitations of systematic observations? Systematic observations do not allow for variables to be changed.
What is a controlled experiment? In a controlled observation specific measurements and data are collected to test the independent variable.
When scientists get different results, what is the best approach they can take? They need to discuss their results to determine why they are different.
Why is it important for scientists to share their findings with other scientists? Sharing results and discussing experiment/investigation outcomes allows scientists to better understand methods and conclusions.
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