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NASM-CPT Ch. 12 Term
Chapter 12: Posture, Movement, and Performance Assessments
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Static Posture | The positioning of the musculoskeletal system while the body is motionless. |
Dynamic Posture | Alignment of the body while in motion. |
Optimal Movement | Moving in a biomechanically efficient manner that maximizes muscle recruitment and minimizes risk of injury. |
Movement Impairments | Abnormal movement patterns that can indicate possible muscle imbalances or mobility limitation. |
Movement Assessment | An assessment of a client’s movement patterns and postural alignment during movement or activity; also known as a dynamic postural assessment. |
Muscle Imbalance | When muscles on each side of a joint have altered length-tension relationships. |
Mobility | Optimal flexibility and joint range of motion; ability to move freely. |
Performance Assessment | Assessments used to measure overall strength, muscular endurance, power, and agility. |
Pes planus | Collapsed arch of the foot; also known as flat feet. |
Overactive | When elevated neural drive causes a muscle to be held in a chronic state of contraction. |
Underactive | When a muscle is experiencing neural inhibition and limited neuromuscular recruitment. |
Static postural assessment | An assessment that provides insight to deviations from optimal alignment of the body in a standing posture. |
Posterior | On the back of the body. |
Anterior | On the front of the body. |
Kinetic chain checkpoints | The five areas of the body that are monitored during movement assessments and exercise: foot/ankle, knees, lumbo-pelvic-hip complex, shoulders, and head. |
Anterior pelvic tilt | An excessive forward rotation of the pelvis that results in greater lumbar lordosis. |
Knee valgus | Knees collapse inward (knock knees) due to hip adduction and internal rotation; also known as medial knee displacement and genu valgum. |
Knee varus | Knees bow outward (bowlegged); also known as genu varum. |
Pes planus distortion syndrome | Postural syndrome characterized by flat feet, knee valgus, and adducted and internally rotated hips. |
Lower crossed syndrome | Postural syndrome characterized by anterior pelvic tilt and excessive lordosis of the lumbar spine. |
Lordotic/Lordosis | The normal curvature of the cervical and lumbar spine regions, creating a concave portion of the spine. |
Upper crossed syndrome | Postural syndrome characterized by a forward head and protracted shoulders. |