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EA Physics Unit 4
Forces
Term | Definition |
---|---|
force | A push or a pull (vector quantity) |
free-body diagram | A diagram showing all the forces acting ON an object. |
inertia | The tendency of an object to resist change in motion |
net force | The combination (sum) of all the forces acting on an object (taking into account direction with +/-) |
equilibrium | The state in which the net force on an object is 0. |
weight | A measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object. (May change depending on location in the universe.) |
mass | A measure of the amount of matter in an object. (Does not change anywhere in the universe.) |
normal force | A force provided by a surface in a direction perpendicular to that surface. |
static friction | The force that resists the initiation of sliding motion between two surfaces that are in contact and at rest. |
kinetic friction | The force that opposes the movement of two surfaces that are in contact and are sliding over each other. |
coefficient of friction | A (unit-less) number that is used to determine the strength of a frictional force between two surfaces |
normal | Perpendicular to the surface |
acceleration | A change in motion (From rest to moving, from moving to rest, etc. ) |
newton's 1st law | (Law of Inertia) an object in motion tends to stay in motion & an object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by a net external force. |
newton's 2nd law | The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force on it, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object. |
field force | A push or pull in which the interaction occurs "at a distance" without visible contact between the system and the environment |
contact force | A force that is exerted only when two objects are touching. |
newton's 3rd law | For every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force. |
newton's 3rd law pair | The two forces involved in N3L. For example, force of butt-on-seat and the equal and opposite force of seat-on-butt |
net | Total, sum, combination, the extra amount that is not cancelled by anything else. |