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Module 3
Politics and Power
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Principle | A basic law or truth on which action or behavior is based. |
Branch | A part or division of the main part of something. |
Local | Having to do with a particular place such as a neighborhood or town. |
Influence | A thing or person that has the power to affect another. |
Authority | the right or power to give orders, make decisions, or control people. |
Representative Government | A government where people elect representatives who make laws. |
Federal | having to do with a system of government that unites several states under a central government. The states have their own governments, yet they recognize the rule of the central government as well. |
Bill of Rights | Grant U.S. citizens individual freedoms. |
Constitution | A system of basic rules and principles by which a government is organized. |
Preamble | is the first sentence of the United States Constitution. It outlines some of the roles of the U.S. government, including: establishing justice, ensuring domestic tranquility, providing for defense, providing for the general welfare, and securing liberty. |
U.S. Constitution | the set of basic laws by which a nation, state, or other organization is governed. |
Limited Government | means that the constitution says what the government can and cannot do. |
Republicanism | means that people vote for their political representatives. |
Checks and Balances | means that the 3 branches of the government check up on each other to make sure that no branch can get too powerful. |
Federalism | means that the state and federal governments have different powers. |
Separation of Powers | means that each branch of the government has its own specific job to do. |
Mayor | the head of government in a village, town, or city. |
City Council | the elected governing body of a city, whose functions include enacting city laws or ordinances, imposing taxes, and appropriating funds. |
Popular Sovereignty | means that the people give the government its power. |
Individual Rights | means that the government cannot take away your rights. |
Free Speech | Part of the First Amendment |
Free Press | Part of the First Amendment |
Freedom of Religion | Part of the First Amendment. |
Political Party | is a group of people with broad common interests who organize to win elections, control the government, and influence government policies. |
Democratic Party | is considered to be liberal and generally supports government action to change social, political, or economic policies that are believed to be unfair. |
Republican Party | is considered to be conservative generally supporting limited government, lower taxes, and traditional social values. |
Governor | State official (executive) chosen by popular vote for 4-year terms. |
Yuan Dynasty | They controlled much or all of Central Asia |
Mongol Khanates | were established as the Mongol empire expanded. These were four states that protected trade routes within their region and ruled independently. |
Nomadic | a member of a group or tribe that has no fixed home and moves from place to place. |
Sedentary | living in a fixed location; not migratory. |
Shamanism | a religion native to northern Asia based on a belief in supernatural spirits that can be contacted by shamans. |
Meritocracy | a system in which people attain power, influence, and wealth because of their intellectual abilities rather than because of their class status or family lineage. |
Yasa | was a code of law that was standardized throughout the Mongol empire. |
Yam | was a sophisticated system of communication and travel which made it relatively easy to send important messages and travel long distances in short amounts of time. |
Tumen | a Turkic and Mongol military unit of 10,000 people |
Genghis Khan | became the leader of the Mongols in 1206 after a civil war. |
Mongke Khan | Was the fourth khagan-emperor of the Mongol Empire, ruling from 1 July 1251, to 11 August 1259. |
Kublai Khan | known as the Great Khan |
Standard of Living | the level of necessities and comforts of daily life that is available to and affordable by a nation, group, or individual. |