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Pelvis and thigh
Pelvis and thigh trail guide
Question | Answer |
---|---|
1. Name the three bones that make up the hip (coxal) bone | ilium, ischium, and pubis |
2. The ___ and ___ are considered part of both the pelvis and the vertebral column | sacrum, coccyx |
3. Describe the difference between a typical male and female pelvis | female pelvis: broader for childbearing, wider iliac crest larger pelvis "bowl" greater distance between ischial tuberosities |
4. The ___ can be palpated by following the superior pelvis from the ASIS to the PSIS on the side of the torso | iliac crest |
5. Which pair of bony landmarks can be visually identified by two small dimples at the base of the lower back? | posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) |
6. The ___ are often called the "sits bones" | ischial tuberosities |
7. Which large bony landmark can be located by sliding your fingerpads inferiorly four to six inches along the lateral side of the thigh. | greater trochanter |
8. The ___ is located on the medial surface of the ilium and serves as an attachment site for the iliacus muscle | iliac fossa |
the pelvis (pelvic girdle) consists of the __, the ___, and the 2 ___. | sacrum, coccyx, and 2 hip bones |
each hip bone is formed by the fusion of the of three smaller bones which are | ilium, ischium, and pubis |
the ___ is the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body | femur |
1. The ___ is composed of 4-5 fused vertebrae and the __ is composed of 3-4 fused bones. | sacrum, coccyx |
2. The ridge running down the center of the sacrum is the ___ | median sacral crest |
3. the coccyx is located nearest to which topographical feature? | gluteal cleft |
4. The ____ joint can be found just inferior and medial to the PSIS | sacroiliac |
5. With your partner prone, what passive positional adjustment and motion will help you to feel movement in the sacroiliac joint. | flex partner knee to 90 degrees and rotate the hip laterally and medially |
6. Which bony landmark can be found just distal to the greater trochanter and directly lateral to the ischial tuberosity? | gluteal tuberosity |
7. What are a couple ways to increase comfort for both you and your partner while palpating in the pubic region? | -explain what you are doing - ask permission - use partners hand to palpate with your hand guiding on top |
8. The ___ are the bony prominences located on the superior part of the pubic crest | pubic tubercles |
9. The superior ramus of the pubis forms a ridge that serves as an attachment site for the ___? | pectineus |
10. The rami of the pubis form a bridge between the __ and the ___. | pubic crest, ischial tuberosity |
11. What is the recommended position of your partner while palpating the pubic rami? | supine, with your flexed knee under your partners knee |
12. The ___ is the horizontal line between the buttock and thigh. | gluteal fold |
The __ is a large triangular shaped bone at the inferior end of the vertebral column. it is made up of 4 or 5 vertebra that are fused together. | sacrum |
The ___ is a diamond shaped area at the inferior aspect of the pelvis. it is framed by the pubic symphysis, ischial tuberosities, and the coccyx. | perineum |
1. The muscles of the pelvis and thigh primarily create movement at the ___ and __ joints. | coxal (hip), tibiofemeral (knee) |
2. __ is the only quadriceps muscle that crosses two joints, the hip and knee. | rectus femoris |
3. Deep to the iliotibial tract, the ___ is the sole muscle of the lateral thigh | vastus lateralis |
4. to follow the path of the rectus femoris, it is helpful to draw an imaginary line from the __ to the ___. | anterior inferior iliac spine, patella |
5. While your partner extends his knee, palpate just medial and proximal to the patella for the bublous shape of the _____. | vastus medialis |
6. All three hamstrings share a common origin at the ____. | ischial tuberosity |
7. The hamstrings are located on the posterior thigh between the __ and ___ muscles | vastus lateralis, adductor magnus |
8. In which direction does biceps femoris rotate the hip? | laterally |
9. The ___ is the more superficial of the medial hamstrings. | semitendinosus |
The origin of biceps femoris is? | ischial tuberosity, lateral lip of linea aspera |
The insertion biceps femoris? | head of the fibula |
The origin rectus femoris? | anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) |
The insertion of rectus femoris? | tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament) |
The origin for semimembranosus is? | ischial tuberosity |
The insertion semimembranosus is? | posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia |
The origin semitendinosus is? | ischial tuberosity |
The insertion of semitendinosus is? | proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon |
The vastus intermedius origin is? | anterior and lateral shaft of the femur |
the vastus intermedius insertion is? | tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament) |
The vastus lateralis origin is? | lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, and greater trochanter |
The vastus lateralis insertion is? | tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament) |
The vastus medialis origin is? | medial lip of linea aspera |
The vastus medialis insertion is? | tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament) |
The passive flexion of the knee would __ the vastus lateralis | lengthen |
Passive tilting of the pelvis anteriorly would __ the biceps femoris | lengthen |
Passive medial rotation of the hip would ___ the semitendinosus | shorten |
Passive extension of knee would ___ the vastus intermedius | shorten |
Passive lateral rotation if the flexed knee would ___ the biceps femoris | shorten |
Passive flexion of the hop would ___ the semimembranosus, but ___ the rectus femoris | lengthen, shorten |
1. Of the three gluteal muscles, the __ is the most posterior and superficial | gluteus maximus |
2. Which gluteal muscle has the ability to flex and extend the hip (but not simultaneously) | gluteus medius |
3. Locating the coccyx, the posterior two inches of the iliac crest and gluteal tuberosity will help you to outline which muscle? | gluteus maximus |
4. To palpate gluteus minimus, you will need to sink your fingers deep to which muscle? | gluteal medius |
5. To locate both gluteus medius and minimus in a side lying position, you could ask your partner to perform which movement? | adduct your hip |
6. The adductor tendons form a connective tissue drape along the base of the pelvis extending from which two bony landmarks? | superior ramus of the pubis, ischial tuberosity |
7. Located just anterior to the hamstrings, ___is the most posterior of teg adductor muscles, | adductor magnus |
8. Gracilis is the only adductor to cross which joint, | knee |
9. What are the two actions common to all the muscles of the adductor group? | adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip |
10. You will find the prominent tendon(s) of the gracilis and adductor longus extending off of, or nearby, which bony landmark? | pubic tubercle |
11. Which muscle can be located just anterior to the prominent adductor tendon | pectineus |
12. Which muscle can be located between the ischial tuberosity and the adductor tubercle? | adductor magnus |
The origin adductor brevis is? | inferior ramus of pubis |
The insertion adductor brevis is? | pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera |
The adductor longus origin is? | pubic tubercle |
The adductor longus insertion is? | medial lip of linea aspera |
The adductor magnus origin? | inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium, and ischial tuberosity |
The adductor magnus insertion? | medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle |
The gluteus maximus origin is? | coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments |
The gluteus maximus insertion is? | iliotibial tract (upper fibers) and gluteal tuberosity (lower fibers) |
The gluteus medius origin is? | gluteal surface of the ilium, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just below iliac crest |
The gluteus medius insertion? | lateral aspect of greater trochanter |
The gluteus minimus origin is? | gluteal surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines |
The gluteus minimus insertion is? | anterior aspect of greater trochanter |
The gracilis origin is? | inferior ramus of pubis (2) |
The gracilis insertion is? | proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon |
The pectineus origin is? | superior ramus of pubis |
The pectineus insertion is? | pectineal line of femur |
16. Passive abduction to the hip would ___ the adductor brevis and longus | lengthen |
17. Passive lateral rotation of the hip would __ the gluteus maximus | shorten |
18. Passive extension of the hip would __ the posterior fibers if the adductor magnus | shorten |
19. Passive adduction of the hip would __ the gluteus medius | lengthen |
20. Passive lateral rotation of the hip would ___ the gluteus minimus | lengthen |
21. Passive extension and lateral rotation of the hip would ___ the gracilis | legthen |
22. Passive medial rotation of the hip would __ the adductors | shorten |
23. Passive flexion of the hip would __ the gluteus maximus | lengthen |
1. Which muscle is most accessible between the upper fibers of the rectus femoris and gluteus medius? | tensor fascia latae |
2. Which cablelike band of fascia can be isolated just anterior to the biceps femoris tendon? | iliotibial tract |
3. In order to feel the tensor fasciae latae contract, position your partner in a supine position and ask him to perform what action? | medially rotate your hip |
4. Which muscle stretches from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the medial knee? | sartorius |
5. The proximal fibers of the sartorius are just lateral to which artery. | femoral |
6. Which three tendons blend together to becomes to pes anserinus tendon? | semitendinosus, gracilis, sartorius |
7. Which muscle lies superficial to the sciatic nerve and can compress the nerve if overcontracted? | piriformis |
8. To locate the piriformis, form a T with which three bony landmarks? | coccyx, posterior superior iliac spine, greater trochanter |
9. Which rectangular muscle can be isolated by placing your fingerpads between the distal, posterior aspect of the greater trochanter and the ischial tuberosity? | quadratus femoris |
10. which muscle spans from the anterior surface of the lumbar vertebrae to the lesser trochanter? | psoas major |
11. To access the psoas major, place your fingerpads between the ___ and __ before slowly compressing toward the muscle | anterior superior iliac spine navel |
13. What action could you ask your partner to perform to confirm that you have located the psoas major? | flex your hip ever so slightly |
The gemellus inferior origin is? | ischial tuberosity |
The gemellus inferior insertion? | medial surface of greater trochanter (3) |
The gemellus superior origin is? | ischial spine |
The gemellus superior insertion is? | medial surface of greater trochanter (3) |
The iliacus origin is? | iliac fossa |
The iliacus insertion is? | lesser trochanter (2) |
The obturator externus origin is? | rami of pubis and ischium, obturator membrane |
The obturator externus insertion is? | trochanteric fossa of femur |
The obturator internus origin is? | obturator membrane and inferior surface of obturator foramen |
The obturator internus insertion is? | medial surface of greater trochanter (3) |
The piriformis origin is? | anterior surface of sacrum |
The piriformis insertion is? | superior aspect of greater trochanter |
The psoas major origin is? | bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebra |
The psoas major insertion? | lesser trochanter (2) |
The psoas minor origin? | body and transverse process of first lumbar vertebra |
The psoas minor insertion? | superior ramus of pubis |
Quadratus femoris origin is? | lateral border of ischial tuberosity |
Quadratus femoris insertion is? | intertrochanteric crest, between the greater and lesser trochanters |
Satorius origin is? | anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) |
Satorius insertion is? | proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendone |
Tensor fasciae latae origin? | iliac crest, posterior to the ASIS |
Tensor fasciae latae insertion? | iliotibial tract |
1. Passive medial rotation of the flexed knee would ___ the sartorius | shorten |
2. Passive adduction of the hip would ____ the tensor fasciae latae? | lengthen |
3. Passive extension of the hip would ___ the iliopsoas muscles? | lengthen |
4. Passive lateral rotation of the hip would __ the piriformis | shorten |
5. Passive extension of the hip would __ the psoas major. | lengthen |
6. Passive flexion of the hip would __ the sartoriuis | shorten |
7. Passive lateral rotation of the hip would __ the iliacus | shorten |
8. Passive medial rotation of the hip would ___ the tensor fascia latae | shorten |
9. Passive medial rotation of the hip would __ the quadratus femoris | lengthen |
10. Passive abduction of the hip would ___ the sartorius | shorten |
1. The inguinal ligament stretches from the __ to the __ | anterior superior iliac supine, pubic tubercle |
2. Which three vessels pass through the femoral triangle? | femoral artery, femoral nerve, femoral vein |
3. Where should you position your fingers to feel the pulse of the femoral artery? | between ASIS and pubic tubercle, just distal to the inguinal ligament |
4. What structure spans from the ischial tuberosity to the edge of the sacrum | sacrotuberous ligament |
5. The ___ ligaments help to reinforce the union of the sacrum and the ilium? | sacroiliac |
6. The transverse processes of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae and the posterior iliac crest are helpful landmarks in finding which ligament? | iliolumbar |
7. Which structure spans from the lower lumbar vertebrae, between the ischial tuberosity and greater trochanter and down the posterior thigh? is the largest nerve in body. | sciatic nerve |
8. Which structure reduces friction between the greater trochanter and the gluteus maximus? | trochanteric bursa |
The ___ is the only quadriceps located anterior on the thigh that crosses two joints-- hip and knee | rectus femoris |
the palpable aspect of the __ forms a "teardrop" shape at the distal portion of the medial thigh | vastus medialis |
The ___ is the longest muscle in the body. | sartorius |