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History, Law, Theory
AICP exam
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Riverside,Illinois | Pre-1900 to WWII1st American Suburb (RR connection & Curvilinear St)Fredrick Law Olmstead and Calvert Vaux |
Pullman, Illinois | Pre-1900 to WWII1880 Model Industrial Town George Pullman (owed Industry built town around it) |
White City | Pre-1900 to WWII City Beautiful (Cure City)1893 Chicago World Fair (Daniel H. Burnham)Beautiful civic buildings and landscaping |
Tomorrow: A peaceful path to real reform | 1898 Ebendezer Howard Garden City Movement (Public ownership of land like Condos) |
Letchworth, England | 1st Garden City 1903 |
Sunnyside Gardens, NY | 1st Garden City in US 1924(not totally true to form) |
Radburn, NJ | 1928(great depression) 1st real US attempt to Garden City self sustain, consider environment, and promote community life Not fully developed but 1st to use Planning Process (example for greenbelt and new town movement) |
New Deal Greenbelt Towns | Just outside of Cities, gov't control,less intense than Garden City Greenhill, Ohio Greendale, Wisconsin Greenbelt, Maryland |
Tract Home | 1947 (post WWII) affordable homes "cookie cutter"Levittown, NY Park Forest, IL |
Reston, Virginia | 1962 by Robert Simon (New Town Movement)live, work, play (master plan community) |
Columbia, MD | 1963 by James Rouse (new town movement) build complete diverse city (tried home work ratio) |
Mariemont, Ohio | 1920 john Nolen, landscape architect planner and builder blocks, mixed rental/homeowner Influenced new urbanism. |
New Urbanism | Walkable mixed use urban design transportationSeaside, Fl (1984) Kentlands, MD (1988) Celebration, FL (1996) Mississippi Coast (2005) |
Burgess | Urban Growth1923 Concentric Circle Theory (chicago)City would grow out in rings |
Hoyt | Urban Growth 1939 Sector Theorygrow outward along major transportation corridors |
Harris and Ullman | Multi-nucleimultiple nodes of development spread throughout city |
Rational (synoptic) | practice planningScientic method (analysis)goal setting, identification of Policy Alt, evaluation of means against ends, and implementation of preferred alternativejust research no input or politics |
Incremental Planning | small steps Charles Lindblom "The science of muddling through"Limits of time, money, and expertise (how i do it) |
Transactive Planning | Face to Face planning (one on one)Share knowledge and learn togetheryour knowledge and talk to everyone of knowledge neighborhood |
Paul Davidoff | founder of Advocacy planning |
Saul Alinsky | Advocacy PlanningBack of Yards Organization (Chicago Slums)peoples rights (negotiate for economic and political gains |
Noel krumholt | Equity Planning spin off of Advocacy Planning |
Advovacy Planning | 1960 "Power to People" Plan for groupsMultiple plans then pick from thoseopen to public |
Radical Planning | Never practiced but everyone would plan for themselves |
Communicative planning | Build Consensus identify stakeholders and solve problem what is best for community (get people involved)may not be best solution |
Ladder of Participation | Sherry Arnstein (triangle of power)all citizens little power - City Council voting power |