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pathophysiology

week 1 - 7

QuestionAnswer
(wk3) The major phagocytic cells in inflammation are: Neutrophils and macrophages
(wk3) A patient with a combined immune deficiency lacks: T and B Lymphocytes
(wk3) When assessing and patient with SLE you should expect to identify : arthralgia, anemia, and a rash
(wk3) Your patient is having a reaction to a bee sting which type of hypersensitivity are they displaying: Type 1
(wk3) What is the role of plasmin in the inflammatory response cycle? It controls clotting by breaking down fibrin
(wk3) Among many innate defenses the body has two pathogens, the first list of defenses is the: Skin and mucous membrane
(wk3) Which substance is released during a viral infection and signals neighboring cells to enhance viral defenses? Interferon
(wk3) What term is used to describe the process of endocytosis? Engulfment
(wk3)DiGeorge syndrome is characterized by absence or underdevelopment of which organ? Thymus
(wk3) Your planning a community teaching event about systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to which population should your teaching be primarily targeted? Women 20 - 40 years old
(wk 2) A disease results in the accumulation of lipids in the nerve cell of the brain: Tah - Sachs Disease
(wk 2) Cellular atrophy is: a decrease in cell size
(wk 2) The process in which cells program themselves to die: Apoptosis
(wk 2) What causes metaplasia in humans? Cell injury from noxious stimuli
(wk 2) The postmortem decrease in a patient's body temperature will be documented as: Algor Mortis
(wk 2) Dysplasia is characterized by abnormal changes in: cell secretions
(wk 2) Clastogens are agents that cause: chromosomal breakage
(wk 2) which organ is most frequently affected by chronic alcohol (ethanol) injury? Liver
(wk 2) The nurse documents "tattooing and stippling" in a trauma patient. Which type of injury does this patient have? gunshot wounds
(wk 2) When a patient has an extreme laceration (laceration with a flap), which medical term should the nurse document on the chart? an avulsion
(wk1) The nurse caring for a patient with a genetic disease that is transmitted through autosomal recessive inheritance. Which is the most likely diagnosis for this patient? Cystic Fibrosis
(wk1) Adaptive cellular mechanism function to: protects cells from injuries
(wk1) If a patient has liquefactive necrosis, which organ should the nurse assess first? brain
(wk1) The nurse in the genetics clinic is describing a genetic disease that leads to progressive dementia in middle to later adulthood. To which disease is the nurse likely referring to? Huntington Disease
(wk1) The triplet of base pairs necessary to code for a specific amino acid is called a: Codon
(wk1) The outward manifestation of a disease, often influenced by both genes and the environment, is called the disease: phenotype
(wk1) The condition that occurs when a zygote is missing in each cell is referred to as: a "monosomy"
(wk1) The process by which RNA is formed from DNA for protein synthesis as: transcription
(wk1) The somatic cell that contains a multiple of 23 chromosomes is called: an euploid cell
(wk1) Which is the chief function of ribosomes? protein synthesis
(Quiz 1) The nurse is caring for a patient with a genetic disease that is transmitted through autosomal recessive inheritance. Which is the most likely diagnosis for this patient? Cystic fibrosis
(Quiz 1) Which is most frequently affected by chronic alcohol (ethanol) injury? Liver
(Quiz 1) A couple has two offspring; one child has an autosomal recessive disease trait, and one is normal. What most likely conclusions can the nurse make about the parents? Both parents could be carriers.
(Quiz 1) When a patient has tissue ischemia and a decrease in mitochondrial oxygenation, which of the following does the nurse expect? Decreased ATP production
(Quiz 1) If an ovum has chromosomal nondisjunction, which conditions(s) could result in the embryo? Monosomies and trisomies
(Quiz 1) Which statement by a nursing student indicates the need for further teaching? Free radical injury can be caused by: tissue damage by antioxidants.
(Quiz 1) A geneticist is teaching a class that includes information about DNA. Which information should be included? DNA contains: the genetic code for all parts of the body.
(Quiz 1) If a patient has Gaucher disease, which of the following organ(s) should the nurse monitor? Liver, Spleen, CNS/Brain All the above
(Quiz 1) When teaching staff Tay-Sachs disease, which information should the nurse include? Tay-Sachs disease results in the accumulation of: lipids in the nerve cells of the brain.
(Quiz 1) The nurse is caring for a new mother who just gave birth to a baby with Down syndrome. The nurse explains that this syndrome is a result of trisomy with which chromosome? 21
(Quiz 1) An individual who is heterozygous for a gene has: alleles at a given locus that are different from one another.
(Quiz 1) The nurse in the genetics clinic is describing a genetic disease that leads to progressive dementia in middle to later adulthood. To which disease is the nurse most likely referring? Huntington disease
(Quiz 1) When the clinician is discussing the DNA helix, which information should be included? In the DNA helix, guanine pairs with: cytosine.
(Quiz 1) When an infant has been identified as having had fetal exposure to alcohol, which assessment parameters should be considered? Low birth weight, Mental retardation, Facial anomalies, -- All of the above
(Quiz 1) Which information indicates that the nurse has a good understanding of clastogens? Clastogens are agents that cause: chromosomal breakage.
(Quiz 1) A patient has Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Which typical assessment findings should the nurse monitor for in this patient? Decreased IgM and bleeding
(Quiz 1) What is the role of plasmin in the inflammatory response cycle? It controls clotting by breaking down fibrin.
(Quiz 1) A patient has a combined immune deficiency. Which important principle should the nurse remember? A patient with a combined immune deficiency lacks: T and B lymphocytes.
(Quiz 1) A patient asks a nurse what leukotrienes do. Which of the following is the best answer? Leukotrienes: cause increased vascular permeability.
(Quiz 1) A nurse is describing primary immune deficiency. Which primary deficiencies should the nurse include? B lymphocytes and complement
(Quiz 1) A patient has DiGeorge syndrome. Which organ should the nurse discuss when describing the pathophysiology of this disease? Thymus
(Quiz 1) When assessing the patient with SLE, the nurse should expect to identify: arthralgia, anemia, and rash.
(Quiz 1) Which substance is released during a viral infection and signals neighboring cells to enhance viral defenses? Interferon
(Quiz 1) A patient asks about the role of clotting mechanisms during inflammation. The nurse should indicate that the function of the clotting cascade during inflammation is to: trap microorganisms.
(Quiz 1) While discussing the complement system, which information should the nurse include? The alternative pathway of the complement system is activated by: bacteria.
(Quiz 1) The nurse is planning a community teaching event about systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To which population should the teaching be primarily targeted? Women, 20 to 40 years old
(Quiz 1) Among the many innate defenses the body has to pathogens, the first line of defense is the: skin and mucous membranes.
(Quiz 1) A patient with cancer sustains an excessive amount of tumor necrosis factor alpha. For which condition should the nurse be particularly alert? Cachexia
(Quiz 1) The nurse is caring for a patient with B-lymphocyte deficiency. The nurse should protect the patient primarily from: encapsulated bacteria.
(Quiz 1) A nurse wants to teach about the most common primary immune deficiency condition. Which of the following should the nurse describe? Common variable immune deficiency
(Wk 4) Most commonly reported symptom associated with cancer is fatigue
(wk4) The retinoblastoma gene is what type of gene A tumor suppressor gene
(wk4) A process in which a piece of one chromosome is moved to another chromosome translocation
(wk 4) What term is used to describe cancer that extends to organs or tissues distant from the site of origin metastasis
(wk 4) what is the leading cause of death in developed countries? Cancer
(wk 4) what would you expect to occur when a patient's cancer is caused by mutations of the proto- oncogene?? increased cell division
(wk 4) A patient is experiencing leukopenia from cancer and chemotherapy treatment. which condition should assess for in this patient? Infection
(wk 4) Malignant tumors have a tendency to invade surrounding tissues; they also grow rapidly and have a tendency to metastasize.
(wk 4) For metastasis to occur tumor cells must be capable of surviving in the bloodstream
(wk 4) what is the primary cause of cervical cancer? HPA -- Human Papilloma Virus
(wk 5) The development of sensory and motor symptoms in multiple scoliosis is caused by immunologic and inflammatory demyelination of central nervous system of neurons
(wk 5) Subdermal hematomas: bleeding between the dura matter and the brain
(wk 5) Autonomic hyperreflexia is caused by stimulation of sensory/pain receptors below the level of the spinal
(wk 5) What usually causes encephalitis? a viral infection
(wk 5) Most forms of focal brain injury are associated with increased: Brain Swelling
(wk 5) ALS is caused by: degeneration of lower and upper motor neurons
(wk 5) A patient has a spinal cord tumor that originated within the neural tissues. What type of tumor is this called? Intramedullary
(wk 5) A sign associated with classic cerebral concussion is loss of consciousness
(wk 5) Your patient has Giuanne Barre during the health history you should ask about a history of respiratory or gastrointestinal viral infections
(wk 5) Cerebral thrombosis develops most often from atherosclerosis an inflammatory disease process (arteritis)
(wk 6) Which intervertebral disks should a nurse assess first for herniation L4 - S1
(wk 6) Your patients forehead hit the steering wheel during a motor vehicle accident. Which part of the brain received the coup injury? Frontal
(wk 6) Your patient has a brief episode of neurological deficits that resolves within 12 hours with a return to normal functioning. What diagnosis should you document on the chart? TIA (transient ischemic attack)
(wk 6) What type of injury will the nurse prepare to care when a patient has a diffuse brain injury concussion
(wk 6) A patient has a recent spinal cord injury. Which term should the nurse use to describe the loss of reflex function below the level/lesion of injury? spinal shock
(wk 6) Your patient with HIV has painful burning dysesthesias and paresthesia's, especially in the extremities. What condition will you document in the chart? HIV neuropathy
(wk 6) During your assessment of a patient with meningitis, you want to test for nuchal rigidity which test will you implement? Kernig
(wk 6) During a myasthenic or cholinergic crisis, a patient is in danger of respiratory arrest
(wk 6) Irritative syndromes involve: compressive symptoms plus radicular pain and parathesis
(wk 6) A herniated disc allows the gelatinous material (the nucleus polposus ) to: extrude and compress the nerve root
(wk 6) A patient with a spinal cord injury (T6 level) reports a headache. The patient's blood pressure is 296 systolic, and the patient is sweating. Which intervention is most appropriate? Check the patient's bladder.
(wk 6) A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of myasthenia gravis. Which information should the nurse include? This is an autoimmune disease mediated by antibodies against the acetylcholine receptors, resulting in defective nerve impulses.
(wk 6) A nurse is preparing a presentation on progressive neurological disorders. Which concept should be taught? Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis—degenerative disorder of both upper and lower motor neurons
(wk 6) A patient has a spinal cord tumor that is causing an irritative syndrome. What does this imply to the nurse? The patient is experiencing compression symptoms plus radicular pain.
(wk 6) A patient developed a subdural hematoma within 12 hours of the injury. Which diagnosis will the nurse observe documented on the chart? Acute subdural hematoma
Created by: mandiephillips
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