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ANS3319C Exam 1
Male and Female Anatomy, Endocrinology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anatomical location on mare ovary where follicle is ovulated | Ovulation fossa |
| Lipid Hormones derived from arachiodonic acid | Prostaglandins |
| Structure that prevents bacteria from entering uterus during pregnancy | cervix |
| ovarian structure that has multiple layers of granulosa cells | Tertiary follicle |
| ovarian steroid hormone that initiates behavioral estrus | estrogen |
| steroid secreting cells located in the interstitial area of testes | Leydig cells |
| compound that serves as precursor to steroid hormones | cholesterol |
| ovarian or testes glycoprotein that inhibits FSH secretion | Inhibin |
| Pituitary hormone responsible for ovulation | Luteinizing hormone |
| the rate that a hormone is cleared from the circulatory system determines this | half-life |
| when this structure is stimulated, it initiates ejaculation in most animals | glans penis |
| the general term for regulation of hormone secretion | feedback regulation |
| procedure used to determine the pregnancy status in the urine of women | ELISA |
| common name of cellular mass that comprises 70% of testis | parenchyma |
| lab procedure used to measure hormone concentrations in blood | radioimmunoassay |
| suspensory tissue surrounding the reproductive tract | broad ligament |
| cellular location of receptors for steroid hormones | nucleus |
| hypothalamic hormone that initiates LH surge | GnRH |
| specific anatomical structure in testes where spermatogenesis occurs | seminiferous tubules |
| name of bone that houses and protects pituitary | sphenoid |
| structure that moves sperm from epididymis to ampulla | vas deferens |
| somatic cells that serve as nurse cells for sperm | sertoli cells |
| airborne chemical messengers secreted by vestibular glands | pheromones |
| cellular location of receptors for protein ormones | plasma membrane |
| animal with a vascular penis | stallion |
| animal with a fibroelastic penis | bull and boar |
| the three primary functions of the epididymis | sperm development, sperm storage, and secretion of oxytocin |
| Known as the pregnancy hormone, it prevents expression of the uterus, blocks myometrial contractions during pregnancy, and stimulates uterine secretions in the early pregnant animal | progesterone |
| the three layers of the uterus | endometrium, myometrium, perimetrium |
| what makes the dog penis unique | it has a bulbous glandis and an os-penis or baculum |
| where semen is deposited in the mare, cow, and dog | fornix vagina |
| where semen is deposited in the sow | cervix |
| primary hormone secreted by the follicle | estrogen |
| primary hormone secreted by the corpus luteum | progesterone |
| seminal plasma is secreted from these | accessory glands |
| accessory sex glands consist of the | prostate, cowper's (bulbourethral), and seminal vesicles |
| Name 2 functions of the uterus | 1) Sperm transport by contraction of the myometrium to move sperm from the cervix towards the oviduct, 2) Regulation of the corpus luteum by the production of prostaglandin F2alpha |
| how the uterus provides nourishment for an embryo | eventual placenta attachment |
| how the uterus assists in expelling a fetus | myometrial contractions and allow for involution of uterus |
| how much cooler must the testes be compared to body temperature? | 4-6 degrees C |
| name of tissue layer populated with sweat glands to allow for evaporative cooling | scrotum |
| smooth muscle that changes surface area of the scrotum | tunica dartos |
| anatomical structure located in the spermatic cord that allows for counter-current heat exchange | pampiniform plexus |
| skeletal muscle in spermatic cord that facilitates blood flow to the answer for question 2d | cremaster muscle |
| endocrine gland located in the ventral brain that surrounds the third ventricle, consists of paired nerve cell bodies, and releases neuropeptides | hypothalamus |
| hormone secreted from the preoptic nucleus, which is part of the endocrine gland in the hypothalamus | GnRH |
| Male function of the release of LH | stimulates testosterone production |
| female function of the release of LH | stimulates ovulation |
| male function of the release of FSH | stimulates spermatogenesis |
| female function of the release of FSH | increases estrogen production |
| how hormones from the hypothalamus stimulate the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary when it is known they aren't physically connected | they are released into the hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system and transported to the anterior pituitary via a network of capillaries |
| hormone synthesized and secreted from the paraventricular nucleus | oxytocin |
| where oxytocin is stored and eventually sent into the blood stream | posterior pituitary |
| in the female, oxytocin has what two effects? | promotes uterine synthesis of Prostaglandin F2 alpha, milk ejection |
| strength of a hormone determined by 4 factors, two due to the hormone itself are | half-life, level of production (episodic, sporadic, basal) |
| strength of a hormone determined by 2 factors concerning the receptor | affinity and density |
| primary function of testosterone on the testes | to stimulate spermatogenesis and the development of the testes |
| why a castrated animal can't produce seminal fluid | testosterone is required for the accessory sex glands that produce seminal fluid to develop |
| what does testosterone have on the phenotype and behavior of a male? | increases anabolic muscle growth, gives secondary sex characteristics, maintains libido and reproductive tract function |
Created by:
ahiggins27
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