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Human Rights
Historical and present based terms on human rights and global hot spots
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) | - It was developed by the United Nation. - It includes 30 rights that every human needs to grow and flourish. - Countries around the world started to agree to it in 1948. |
| United Nations (UN) | It's main purpose is it maintain worldwide peace and security and develop relations among nations; It was created in 1945; Fosters cooperation between nations in order to solve economic, social, cultural, and humanitarian international problems. |
| Indian Removal Act | Who? Indian Tribes, Andrew Jackson, John Marshall. Where? Southeast US, Oklahoma. When? 1830's Why? The U.S. government wanted the resources and land that the Indians had. How was it enforced? By the governments troops. |
| Andrew Jackson | He was the president who passed the Indian Removal Act in the 1830s. He thought that the Native American's land was rightfully theirs, so one of the first acts he passed was the Indian Removal Act. |
| Trail of Tears | This was the path that the Natives took when they were forced from their homes; The Natives had to travel 1,000 miles by foot; 1/4 of the people on this path died trying to get to the southeast. |
| Japanese Internment Camps | Who? 120,000 Japanese Americans, U.S. government, F.D.R. When? 1942-1945 Where? 10 camps, west coast. Why? People with Japanese ancestry were viewed as a threat and not loyal to the U.S. How were they treated? Like prisoners, poorly, incarcerated. |
| Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR.) | He was the president who passed the Japanese Internment Camps in 1942 after the attack on Pearl Harbor. He believed that anyone with Japanese ancestry was a threat to America and had to be kept away/detained. |
| Attack on Pearl Harbor | Happened on December 7, 1941; There were 8 sunken battleships; 2,300 Americans were killed in 2 hours; "A day that will live in infamy" - F.D.R. |
| South Africa Apartheid | Who? National Party, Black South Africans, Europeans, Nelson Mandela, F.W. De Klerk, ANC. Where? South Africa When? 1948 - 1994 Why? The Europeans viewed themselves as higher and they wanted to maintain superiority over the Black South Africans. |
| Apartheid | Started in 1948, which was also the year the UDHR was established, and ended in 1994; 148 laws; The government's policy of racial segregation. |
| Segregation | With the laws, it separates populations into Whites and Non-Whites; Ex. In South Africa, Whites owned 80% of the land even though they only represented 10% of the population and Black South Africans' land was overpopulated and crowded. |
| Nelson Mandela | He was the leading member of the A.N.C.; Non-violent; Sentenced to a life in prison where he was forced to do hard labor at 46 and was only allowed 1 visitor every 6 months; Got out of prison from F.W. De Klerk at 73; First Black in South Africa in 1994. |
| F.W. De Klerk | Elected president of South Africa in 1989; Worked to dismantle the Apartheid system; Released Mandela from his sentence in 1990; He shared the Nobel Peace Prize with Mandela because they worked together to end Apartheid. |
| African National Congress (ANC) | They began to fight against Apartheid; Their goal was to increase the rights of the Native Africans. |
| Political Cartoon | They're usually about a political person, event, institution, or idea that reflects the creators values or opinions; It's to persuade you. It makes you think about current events, but also tries to sway your opinion toward the creators point of view. |
| Prejudice | It's the idea of stereotyping people based on their nationality or race. |
| Patriotism | The quality of being patriotic; Devotion to and vigorous support for one's country; It can be taken too far and people can get excluded or vandalism could happen. Ex. Joining the military, voting, and having a flag. |
| Nationalism | Identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations. |
| Treaty of Versailles | It was a document sign by Germany following WW1 that officially ended the war; Made by the 3 Super Powers - France, Great Britain, and the U.S.; 3 categories - Territory, military, and financial and economical. |
| World War 1 | Who? Allied Powers, Central Powers, 135 countries. Where? Central Europe. When? 1914 - 1918. Why? Difference over foreign policy; Allies between countries; The Lusitania was sunk. How did it end? The Treaty of Versailles. |
| The National Socialist German Workers Party | They were commonly referred to as the Nazi part which was a far-right political party in Germany that was active between 1920 and 1945, which created and supported the ideology of Nazism. |
| Adolf Hitler | He started WW2 when he invaded Poland for more "living space"; He was a dictator of Germany from 1933-1945; He was the leader of the Nazi party. |
| Mein Kamf | It's the book that Hitler wrote after being imprisoned for a failed attempt at a coup in Munich; It was a blueprint for what he was going to do; Idea of it was that he's going to take on political power without violence (legality strategy). |
| Platform | The set of beliefs of goals, supported by a political party or individual candidate, in order to appeal to the general public for the public's support and votes about complicated topics. Ex. The U.S. gun laws. |
| Holocaust | The persecution and murder of about 6 million Jews by the Nazi regime. |
| Genocide | The deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation. |
| Resistance | The refusal to attempt or comply with something; the attempt to prevent something by action or argument. |
| Concentration Camp | A camp created to confine large numbers of prisoners in harsh and unhealthy conditions. |
| Syrian Civil War | Who? Bashar al-Assad, Leaders of other countries, Rebels, Kurds, and Refugees. Where? Syria. When? 2011-Present. Why? A 12 year-old kid sprayed graffiti on a school wall, rebelling against Assad, then he was tortured and killed, which sparked the war. |
| Bashar al-Assad | He is the dictator of Syria; He has ruled since 2000; He is destroying his own country. |
| Refugee | Someone who flees from their country due to war or violence. |
| Refugee Camp | A place where Refugees go once they flee their country. |
| Israel and Palestine War | Who? Israel, UN, Palestine, and Jews. When? 1948-Present. Where? Israel/Palestine. Why? After WW2, the UN gave extra land to the Jews and they used Palestine and took over some of Palestine's land, creating Israel. Which, in turn, caused some conflict. |
| Holy City | It's also known as Jerusalem; It's important to Christians, Jews, and Muslims; Christians believe that Jesus was crucified there; Jews believe that Abraham was prepared to sacrifice his son there; Muslims believe that Mohammad ascended into heaven there. |
| Gaza Strip | It's one of the two Palestines that's poor and relies very heavily on the UN. |
| West Bank | It's one of the two Palestines that lives "peacefully" with the Jews and has an Islam and Extremist group. |
| Russia and Ukraine War | Who? Volodymyr Zelensky, Victor Yanukovych, Kyiv, Vladmir Putin, NATO When? 2013-Now Where? Ukraine and Russia. Why? Russia took Crimea in southern Ukraine; Pro-Russian separatists in Ukraine declared their freedom from Kyiv, leading to armed conflict. |
| Valdimir Putin | He's the president of Russia; He served 15 years as a foreign intelligence officer for the KGB; He invaded Ukraine after the loss of the Soviet Union and an ally. |
| Volodymyr Zelensky | He was elected president of Ukraine in 2019; He was an actor and comedian. |
| NATO (National Atlantic Treaty Organization) | It was founded in 1949; It's an organization with member that are countries from Europe and North America; It's members made a promise to help defend each other if any of them is attacked. |
| Soviet Union | It was a country in Eastern Europe and Northern Asia from 1922-1991 bordering the Arctic and Pacific Oceans; It was a union of constituent republics, and while it existed, it was the largest country in the world in terms of land area. |
| Cold War | It was the period of tension between the united States and the Soviet Union when they became rivals and sought to prevent the other from gaining too much power. |
| Sanction | It's an official order that's taken against a country in order to make it obey international law, or a punishment given when they don't obey. |
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HAU0301
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