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VETT 118

Chapter 2 - Anatomical planes

QuestionAnswer
Ventral refers to the belly or underside of a body or body part.
Cranial means toward the head.
Anterior means front of the body. Used more in description of organs or body parts because front and rear are confusing terms in quadrupeds. A quadruped's belly is oriented downward, not forward as in humans.
Rostral means nose end of the head.
Cephalic means pertaining to the head.
Dorsal refers to the back; also refers to the cranial surface of the manus and pes.
Manus front paw
Pes rear paw
Caudal means toward the tail
Posterior means rear of the body.
Medial means toward the midline.
Lateral means away from the midline.
Superior means uppermost, above, or toward the head. Used more commonly in bipeds.
Inferior means lowermost, below, or toward the tail. Used more commonly in bipeds.
Proximal means nearest the midline or nearest to the beginning of a structure.
Distal means farthest from the midline or farthest from the beginning of a structure.
Superficial means near the surface; also called external
Deep means away from the surface; also called internal.
Palmar means the caudal surface of the manus (front paw) including the carpus (from the antebrachial joint distally).
Plantar means the caudal surface of the pes (rear paw) including the tarsus (from the tibiotarsal joint distally).
Midsagittal plane the plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves; it is also called the median and midline.
Sagittal plane the plane that divides the body into unequal right and left parts.
Dorsal plane the plane that divides the body into dorsal and ventral parts. It is also called the frontal plane or coronal plane. In humans, this plane is vertical because people stand erect.
Transverse plane the plane that divides the body into cranial and caudal parts; also called the horizontal or cross-sectional plane. It may also be used to describe a perpendicular transection to the long axis of an appendage.
Created by: alcerbin
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