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Unit 8 Vocabulary
Judicial System Government
Term | Definition |
---|---|
5th amendment | protection against unfair national government. |
14th amendment | protection against unfair state government. |
Appeal | asking a higher court to review the decision of a lower court. |
Appellate jurisdiction | authority to hear a case on review. |
Arraignment | step in a criminal case where a plea is entered. |
Arrest | taken into police custody. |
Attorney | lawyer |
Bail | money or property set aside for a defendant to await trial from home. |
Civil case | dispute between two parties over property or money. |
Complaint | formal notice of a lawsuit. |
.Criminal case | action taken to bring accused person to justice. |
Defendant | person accused of a crime or being sued. |
Due process | protection against unfair government. |
Felony | serious crime |
Judicial review | power of the Supreme Court to see if laws and acts are in agreement with the Constitution |
Jurisdiction | the authority to hear a case. |
Jury | members of a court case who hear evidence and render a verdict. |
Juvenile | persons under the age of 18. |
Magistrate | court official who sets bail, issues warrants, subpoenas, and summonses. |
Misdemeanor | less serious crime |
Original jurisdiction | authority to hear a case for the first time. |
Plaintiff | party in a civil case that files a complaint. |
Plea | an answer to charges in a criminal case |
Preliminary hearing | step in a criminal case where a judge decides to send defendant to jail or sets bail. |
Probable cause | reasonable belief a crime has been committed. |
Trial | formal review of evidence |
Unconstitutional | not in agreement with the Constitution. |
Verdict | decision in a court case |