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Chapter 23

Book questions

QuestionAnswer
The Mamluks were slave-soldiers of Egypt.
Who became the leader of Egypt after the failure of the French, Mamluk, and Ottoman governments? Muhammad Ali
Muhammad Ali accomplished many aspects of modernization. Which of the following were his projects? Establishing schools for military training, Emphasis of European skills and sciences, Achieving rule of Egypt for himself and his descendents until the 1950's, Building factories and railroads that achieved long-lasting success, All of the above
Which of the following were among the earliest reforms of the Ottoman Empire? Creation of European-style military units, Standardization of taxation, Controlling the provincial governors, Standardization of land tenure, All of the above
The most persistent opponents of early Ottoman reforms were the Janissaries
Serbia became independent of the Ottoman Empire in 1805 after Russian threats prevented the Ottomans from disarming Serbians following a Janissary revolt.
The ulama opposed Selim III's reforms because they feared the secularization of law and taxation.
The war for Greek independence resulted in the defeat of the Ottomans by the combined Russian, British, and French fleets.
After the war for Greek independence, Mahmud II created a new artillery unit and bombarded the Janissaries.
The Tanzimat proclamations family law.
The preferred language of the reformed educational system in the Ottoman Empire was French.
The Janissary corps was officially disbanded when the sultan secretly trained a new artillery unit, which bombarded the Janissaries and wiped them out.
Which of the following Tanzimat reforms are examples of westernization? styles of military uniform, formation of a civil service brigade secularization of the legal codes, expansion of civil courts with equal access for all men, all of the above
Ottoman reforms decreased the influence of women in society.
Women's property rights in the Ottoman Empire were abrogated under secular reforms that removed decision making from religious courts
The root cause of the Crimean War was the Ottoman Empire's goal, supported by the British and the French, to thwart Russia's desire to expand south through the Black Sea for naval access to the Mediterranean Sea.
Russian allies in the Crimean War against the Ottoman Empire included none of these, England, France, Italy, South Africa.
The significance of the Crimean War was that it marked the transition to modern warfare with the use of breech-loading rifles
The fez became a symbol of reform as a part of Turkish military dress because the fez was brimless and could be used during Islamic prayer services.
Although the Ottoman Empire emulated European modernization and stimulated commerce and urbanization, it was unable to solve which major problem? The imperial government's chronic shortage of money
The Ottoman Empire was significantly weakened financially by: dependence on foreign loans
Significant decline in Ottoman trade happened when Egyptian cotton exports soared as a result of the American Civil War
A significant impediment to Russian economic modernization was: relative nonexistence of the middle classes.
Which of the following were factors hindering reforms in Russia? lack of urbanization, predominance of agriculture, poor transportation opportunities, diversity of languages proscribing unification, all of the above
The construction of a railroad in Russia relied on American and British experts.
The Russian government viewed industrialization with limited interest, preferring to import industrial goods.
What was the major reason the Russian state resisted industrialization? A deep suspicion of western ideas, especially liberalism and socialism
Pan-Slavism was the doctrine that advocated the unity of all Slavic peoples through military means.
The process of modernization in Russia in the nineteenth century was accomplished more smoothly than in the Ottoman Empire because it had longer been an issue, starting with Peter the Great. the Russian court emulated European fashion and languages. Alexander's reforms did not include bringing in Western advisers. All of these
Russian imperial expansion in the 18th century was east toward the Pacific, while in the 19th century it was focused on which direction? the southern borders
When Tsar Alexander I died in 1825, reformers in the military provoked a failed uprising called the "Decembrist Revolt."
Intellectuals pressing for reform in Russia wanted which of the following? a constitution, freedom of the press, liberation of the serfs, reorganization of the imperial bureaucracy, all of the above
The main force opposing westernization in Russia was Slavophiles
Population pressures in China during the late Qing Empire were caused by: doubling of the population in the space of 250 years, a permanent floating population of unemployed and homeless people, imperial expansion of open lands for farming and transportation, all of these
When Britain was unable to obtain enough tea to meet its demand and China did not import enough British goods, the British responded by starting the illicit trade of opium.
When the Qing banned the importation of opium, the British sent naval and marine forces to China.
The Opium War exposed the fact that the Qing land forces, the Bannermen, were, like the janissaries of the Ottoman Empire obsolete.
The British military advantage in the Opium War was provided by new gunboats.
Which of the following were results of the Treaty of Nanking? All the above
"Most-favored-nation status" meant that any beneficial opportunities extended by China to another nation had to be offered to Britain as well
The stresses that led to the Taiping Rebellion in the Guangxi region were initially a result of foreign intrusion, foreign intrusion
The founder of the Taiping (Great Peace) Movement, Hong Xiquan, was inspired by Christianity.
Which of the following are true of Women under the Taiping? They were organized into military brigades.
The Taiping Rebellion was known as the "bloodless" civil war.
Created by: santibri000
 

 



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