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Josh Ch19 Hinduism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| According to the Vedas, there were four main _____________, or social divisions, in Aryan society. | varnas |
| The varna consisting of priests was known as _______________ | Brahmins (BRAH-muhns) |
| The varna consisting of rulers and warriors was known as ______________________ | Kshatriyas (SHHA-tree-uhs) |
| The varna consisting of farmers, craftspeople, and traders was known as ____________________ | Vaisyas (VYSH-yuhs) |
| The varna consisting of laborers and non-traders was known as __________________ | Sudras (SOO-drahs) |
| Why were the Brahmins seen as the highest ranking? | They performed rituals for the gods |
| The _____________ system divided Indian society into groups based on a person's birth, wealth, or occupation. | caste |
| The _______________ to which a person belonged determined his or her place in society. | caste |
| People in the lowest class, the ___________, had hard lives. | Sudra castes |
| A fifth group who didn't belong to any caste at all developed after a few centuries. What were they called and why? | Called Untouchables because others were not supposed to have contact with them, as they were unclean and social outcasts. |
| What jobs could this fifth group obtain? | Unpleasant ones like tanning animal hides and disposing of dead animals |
| The belief that souls are born and reborn many times, each time into a new body | reincarnation |
| The effects that good or bad actions have on a person's soul | karma |
| The avoidance of violent actions | nonviolence |
| Guides that listed rules for the caste system | sutras |
| Provided hindus with guidelines and rules for performing rituals | vedic texts |
| Brahma the Creator, Siva the Destroyer, Vishnu the Preserver | Hindu Gods |
| The universal spirit of Hinduism | Brahman |
| The Hindu name for the soul | Atman |
| Salvation or freedom from the cycle of rebirth | Moshka |
| Based on 4 main principles: Injure no life, tell the truth, do not steal, own no property | Jainism |
| The Sanskrit word for nonviolence | Ahimsa |
| According to Hinduism, what is it that determines what your soul will come back as in the next life? | Karma |
| What are some rules for the caste system? | - Do not marry someone from a different class - Do not eat with someone from a different class |
| If you broke the caste rules, what consequences might you face? | You could be banned from your homes and castes, making you an Untouchable |
| What was the benefit of the caste system to Hindu society? | It brought stability and a sense of belonging to people of each caste |
| What were the four Vedas? | - Rigveda - One describing Aryan religious rituals - One describing secret rituals only certain people could perform - Upanishads (oop-PAHN-ee-shads) |
| Which Veda contains sacred hymns and poems? | Rigveda |
| Which Vedic text contains reflections on the Vedas? | Upanishads |
| Hindus believe that a universal spirit called _____________ created the universe and everything in it. Everything in the world is just a part of _______________ | Brahman, Brahman |
| Peoples souls are ______________________ many times before they can join with Brahman | reincarnated |
| The blending of ideas from the Vedas, Upanishads, other Vedic texts along with ideas from people from Persia and other kingdoms lead to the creation of a religion called _________________ | Hinduism |
| Hindus believe believe that a person's ultimate goal should be to reunite their soul with ___________________, the universal spirit. | Brahman |
| Why do Hindus believe that their souls will eventually join Brahman? | Because they believe that the world we live in is an illusion and that Brahman is the only reality. |
| In order to see through the illusion of reality, it may take several ______________ through a process of rebirth known as ___________________ | lifetimes, reincarnation |
| A person with bad karma will be reborn into a lower ______________ or even a lower life-form such as a ______________ or _______________ | caste, animal or plant |
| True/False - Both men and women could gain salvation through Hinduism | True |
| True/False - Women were considered equal to men | False |
| True/False - Women were allowed to study the Vedas | False |
| Which Hindu leader lead the movement for Indian independence (which lifted many restrictions once placed on Hindu women)? | Mohandas Gandhi |
| Hindus believe bathing in the _______________ River will purify them and remove some of their bad karma | Ganges |
| Jainism is based on the teachings of a man named _________________ who was born into the Kshatrivya varna in the middle of the 500s BC | Mahavira |
| Jains practice _______________, or avoidance of violent actions | nonviolence |
| Jains are ________________________, meaning that they do not eat any food that comes from animals. | vegetarians |
Created by:
tanczosm