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History Final
100 vocabulary words
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mayflower Compact | Established self-government(1620) |
| Cotton Gin | Took cotton seeds out of the cotton(1794) |
| French and Indian War | Began over a specific issue of whether the upper Ohio River valley was a part of the British Empire.(1754-1763) |
| Proclamation of 1763 | Prohibited colonist from traveling west of the Appalachian Mountains |
| Declaration of Independence | adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, the 13 American colonies severed their political connections to Great Britain. |
| Yorktown | Last Battle of the American Revolution (1781) |
| John Locke | English philosopher and political theorist |
| George Washington | was commander in chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War (1775-83) and served two terms as the first U.S. president |
| Alexander Hamilton | was a founding father of the United States, who fought in the American Revolutionary War, helped draft the Constitution, and served as the first secretary of the treasury. |
| Crispus Attucks | a multiracial man who had escaped slavery, is known as the first American colonist killed in the American Revolution. |
| Anti-federalist | a person who opposed the adoption of the U.S. Constitution. |
| War of 1812 | conflict fought between the United States and Great Britain over British violations of U.S. maritime rights. It ended with the exchange of ratifications of the Treaty of Ghent. |
| Republicanism | support for a republican system of government |
| Checks and Balances | counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated, typically those ensuring that political power is not concentrated in the hands of individuals or groups. |
| Bill of Rights | First 10 Amendments |
| 8th Amendment | prohibits cruel and unusual punishments |
| 4th Amendment | secure from unreasonable searches and seizures |
| Monroe Doctrine | a principle of US policy, originated by President James Monroe in 1823, that any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a potentially hostile act against the US. |
| Free Enterprise | refers to an economy where the market determines prices, products, and services rather than the government. |
| Women's rights movement | diverse social movement, largely based in the United States, that in the 1960s and '70s sought equal rights and opportunities and greater personal freedom for women. |
| Sectionalism | restriction of interest to a narrow sphere; undue concern with local interests or petty distinctions at the expense of general well-being. |
| Fredrick Douglas | He fought throughout most of his career for the abolition of slavery and worked with notable abolitionists like William Lloyd Garrison and Gerrit Smith. |
| Civil War | was a brutal war that lasted from 1861 to 1865. |
| Emancipation Proclamation | declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free." |
| Fort Sumter | First battle of the Civil War 1861 |
| Appomattox Courthouse | the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia in the McLean House |
| 14th Amendment | made the freed slaves citizens |
| John Brown | a man who would not be deterred from his mission of abolishing slavery |
| Eli Whitney | deemed the "father of American technology," for two innovations: the cotton gin, and the idea of using interchangeable parts |
| John Deere | a blacksmith who developed the first commercially successful, self-scouring steel plow |
| Worchester vs. Georgia | legal case in which the U.S. Supreme Court on March 3, 1832, held (5–1) that the states did not have the right to impose regulations on Native American land. |
| Northwest Ordinance | provided a method for admitting new states to the Union |
| Fugitive Slave Act | states that any slave that escaped the south shall be returned |
| Boycott | the refusal to buy imported or taxed goods |
| Nullification | the action of a state impeding or attempting to prevent the operation and enforcement within its territory of a law of the U.S. |
| Unalienable Rights | Rights you are born and cannot be taken away |
| Transcontinental Railroad | the Central Pacific and the Union Pacific Railroad Companies began building a...…that would link the United States |
| Virginia Plan | representation by population |
| Great Compromise | was a solution where both big and small states would be fairly represented by creating two houses of the senate |
| Patriots | were the colonists who rebelled against British monarchial control |
| 3/5 Compromise | For every 5 slave of the population counts as 3 votes |
| Legislative Branch | makes all laws, declares war, regulates interstate and foreign commerce and controls taxing and spending policies |
| Veto | a constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body |
| Louisiana Purchase | 1803 |
| Winter at Valley Forge | troops were held together by loyalty to the Patriot cause and to General Washington, who stayed with his men |
| Subsistence Farming | form of farming in which nearly all of the crops or livestock raised are used to maintain the farmer and the farmer's family |
| Gettysburg Address | a speech that U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivered during the American Civil War at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery |
| 1607 | Jamestown |
| Fundamental Orders of Connecticut | stated the powers and limits of government |
| Horace Mann | often called the Father of the Common School, began his career as a lawyer and legislator |
| Ulysses S. Grant | led the Union Armies to victory over the Confederacy in the American Civil War |
| Robert E. Lee | commanded the Army of Northern Virginia, the most successful of the Southern armies during the American Civil War, and ultimately commanded all the Confederate armies |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | ended the war between the United States and Mexico. By its terms, Mexico ceded 55 percent of its territory, including parts of present-day Arizona, California, New Mexico, Texas, Colorado, Nevada, and Utah, to the United States. |
| Virginia House of Burgesses | was the first democratically-elected legislative body in the British American colonies |
| Triangular Trade | Europeans traded manufactured goods for captured Africans, who were shipped across the Atlantic Ocean to become slaves in the Americas. |
| Treaty of Paris 1763 | ended the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France, as well as their respective allies. |
| Stamp act | was the first direct tax used by the British government to collect revenues from the colonies |
| Lexington and Concord | kicked off the American Revolutionary War |
| Treaty of Paris 1783 | ended the American Revolution and formally recognized the United States as an independent nation. |
| Magna Carta | English Great Charter, charter of English liberties granted by King John on June 15, 1215, under threat of civil war |
| Benjamin Franklin | helped draft the Declaration of Independence and was one of its signers, he represented the United States in France during the American Revolution, and he was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention. |
| Thomas Paine | was an English-American writer and political pamphleteer. His Common Sense pamphlet and Crisis papers were important influences on the American Revolution. |
| Articles of Confederation | the United States' first constitution |
| Federalists | a person who advocates or supports a system of government in which several states unite under a central authority. |
| Popular Sovereignty | The idea of people voting |
| Federalism | The central government shares power with the federal government. |
| Separation of Powers | The legislative branch, executive branch, and judicial branch |
| 1st Amendment | freedom of speech |
| 5th Amendment | no self-incrimination |
| Thomas Jefferson | the man who wrote the Declaration of Independence |
| Mercantilism | belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism |
| Manifest Destiny | The belief that the U.S. has the god given right to own the land from east to west |
| Temperance Movement | The movement to end alcohol consumption in the U.S. |
| Henry David Thoreau | believed in transcendentalism |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin |
| Abraham Lincoln | the 16th president was president during the civil war |
| Secession | the act of leaving |
| Battle of Gettysburg | The turning point of the Civil War |
| 13th Amendment | Freed all slaves |
| 15th Amendment | gave suffrage to the freed African Americans |
| Dorothea Dix | woman who changed the medical field |
| Andrew Jackson | our 7th president |
| Marbury vs. Madison | established judicial review |
| Dred Scott vs. Sanford | ruled the African Americans free or enslaved were not United states citizens and therefore did not have the right to sue the federal court |
| Missouri Compromise | entered Missouri as a free state and Maine as a slave state |
| Blockade | an act or means of sealing off a place to prevent goods or people from entering or leaving |
| Suffrage | The right to vote |
| Trail of Tears | Andrew Jackson forced the Indians to leave the land and many of them died |
| Trancendentalism | Have knowledge of the world around you |
| Civil Disobedience | the refusal to comply with certain laws or to pay taxes an fines, as a peaceful form of political protest |
| New Jersey Plan | two delegates given to every state |
| Militia | an army made up of civilians |
| Loyalist | a person loyal to Great Britain during the American Revolution |
| Executive Branch | Our president, enforces the laws |
| Judicial Branch | Has our court system, interprets the laws |
| Washington's Farewell Address | Warned us to stay out of foreign affairs |
| Texas | annexed in 1845 |
| Ratify | Officially approve |
| Free Enterprise | an economic system in which private business operates in competition and largely free of state control |
| Tariff | Tax on imported goods |
Created by:
TristynC
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