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Sociology Ch. 1
Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Sociology | The scientific study of human behavior in society |
sociological imagination | seeing the relationship between individual experience and larger social influence |
microsociology | examines the patterns of individuals' social interaction in specific settings |
macrosociology | examines the large-scale pattern and processes that characterizes society as a whole |
theory | a set of statements that explains why a phenomenon occurs |
empirical | information that is based on observation , experiment, or other data collection rather than ideology, religion, intuition,or conventional wisdom |
social facts | aspect of social life, external to the individual that can be measured |
social solidarity | Social cohesiveness and harmony |
division of labor | an interdependence of different tasks and occupation,characteristic of industrialized societies, that produce social unity and facilitates change |
capitalism | an economic system based on the private ownership of property and the means of production |
alienation | feeling separated from one's group or society |
value free | separating one's personal values, opinions,ideology, and beliefs from scientific research |
functionalism | maintain that society is a complex system of interdependent parts that work together to ensure a society's survival |
dysfunction | social patterns that have a negative impact on a group or society |
manifest functions | purposes and activities that are intended and recognized; they're present and clearly evident |
latent functions | purposes and activities that are unintended and unrecognized; they're present but not immediately obvious |
conflict theory | examines how and why groups disagree, struggle over power and compete for scarce resources |
feminist theories | examines women's social, economic, and political inequality |
symbolic interaction theory (interactionism) | examines people's everyday behavior through the communication of knowledge, ideas,beliefs,and attitudes |
social interaction | process in which people take each other into account in their own behavior |