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Sociology #5
Sociology #5 Social Interaction in Everyday Life
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Social interaction | acting toward and reacting to people around us central to all social activity, affects people’s behavior. Our interaction is part of the social structure, |
| Social structure | an organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships. which guides our actions and gives us a feeling that life is orderly and predictable. Every society has a social structure that encompasses statuses and roles. |
| status | A status is a social position that a person occupies in a society. Every person has many statuses that form her or his status set |
| Status set | status set, a collection of social statuses that a person occupies at a given time which include both ascribed and achieved statuses |
| Ascribed status | is a social position that a person is born into and can’t control, change, or choose (e.g., age, race, and ethnicity). |
| Achieved status | is a social position that a person attains through personal effort or assumes voluntarily (e.g., college student or wife). |
| Master status | overrides other statuses and forms an important part of a person’s social identity - is usually immediately apparent, makes the biggest impression, affects others’ perceptions, and consequently, often shapes a person’s entire life. being a president |
| status inconsistency | Because we hold many statuses, some clash. People experience status inconsistency when they occupy social positions that are ranked differently (such as being a low-paid college professor). |
| Role | defines how we’re expected to behave in a particular status, but people vary considerably in fulfilling the responsibilities associated with their roles. These differences reflect role performance, |
| role performance | the actual behavior of a person who occupies a status. |
| role set | encompasses different roles attached to a single status (e.g., a parent who’s a teacher, volunteer, and PTA member). |
| what is role conflict | Playing many roles often because it’s difficult to meet the requirements of two or more statuses |
| role strain | the stress that arises because of incompatible demands among roles within a single status. |
| ways to minimize role conflict and role strain | compromising, negotiating, setting priorities, compartmentalizing our roles, refusing to take on more roles, and exiting one or more current roles. |
| Self-fulfilling prophecy | if we define something as real and act on it, it can, in fact, become real. |
| Ethnomethodology | the study of how people construct and learn to share definitions of reality that make everyday interactions possible. |
| Dramaturgical analysis | examines social interaction as if occurring on a stage where people play different roles and act out scenes for the audiences with whom they interact. |
| Social exchange theory | proposes that individuals seek through their interactions to maximize their rewards and minimize their costs. |
| Nonverbal Communication | gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, and silence, touching and how we use space and varies from society to society, can lead to cross-cultural misinterpretation and misunderstanding. |
| Online Interaction | social media and social networking sites. Internet usage varies by sex, age, race, ethnicity, and social class, can be impersonal, socially isolating, and jeopardizes our privacy, save time, closer ties among family members, friends, and wking from home |
| Social Exchange | Social interaction is based on a balancing of benefits and costs. Relationships involve trading a variety of resources, such as money, youth, and good looks. |
| Symbolic Interactionist | People create and define their reality through social interaction. Our definitions of reality, which vary according to context, can lead to self-fulfilling prophecies. |
| Feminist | Females & males act similarly in many interactions but may differ in communication styles and speech patterns. Men use speech that’s assertive (to achieve dominance & goals), women are more likely to use language that connect with others |
| Someone who has difficulty playing two or more contradictory roles is experiencing _______. | role conflict |
| Sociologists don't assume that one status is more important than another. | True |
| What is true about only online interaction | Relying too much on technology can hurt relationships. Among adults who are in committed relationships, the majority say the Internet, smartphones, & social media have strengthened their communication. people willingly give out personal information on F |
Created by:
rosalyngreen