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AP Gov Unit 2 Vocab
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Amicus curiae brief | "friend of the court" brief filed by an interest group to influence a Supreme Court decision |
Dealignment argument | contention that parties are less meaningful to voters, who have abandoned the parties in greater numbers to become independents |
Divided government | government in which one party controls the presidency while another party controls the Congress |
Elite theory | theory that upper class elites exercise great influence over public policy |
Factions | term used by Madison to denote what we now call interest groups |
Fairness Doctrine | FCC rule (no longer in effect) that required broadcasters to air a variety of viewpoints on their programs |
Feeding frenzy | the media "attack" when they sense wrongdoing or scandal in government, and devote great amounts of coverage to such stories |
Free rider problem | the problem faced by interest groups when Citizens can reap the benefits of interest group action without actually joining, participating in, or contributing money to such groups. |
Horse race coverage | the tendency Gf the media to report on an election campaign as if it were a horse race, i.e., who is ahead, who is behind, who is gaining ground |
Iron triangle | an informal association of federal agency, congressional committee, and interest group that is said to have heavy influence over policy making |
Litigation | the act or process of carrying out a lawsuit |
Lobbying | attempting to influence policy makers |
Nonpartisan elections | elections in which candidates are not identified by party membership on the ballot |
Office Column Ballot | ballot in which candidates are arranged by office rather than party. Encourages split ticket voting |
Party Column Ballot | ballot in which candidates are arranged by party rather than office. Encourages straight ticket voting |
Photo opportunity | a staged campaign event that attracts favorable visual media coverage, e.g., a candidate reading to a group of school children |
Pluralism | theory that policy making is the result of interest group competition |
Political Action Committee (PAC) | an interest group that raises funds and donates to election campaigns |
Patronage | appointing loyal party members to government positions |
Revolving door | the cycle in which a person alternately works for the public sector and private sector, thus blurring the individual's sense of loyalty |
Selective exposure | the practice of selectively choosing media sources which are in harmony with one's own beliefs |
Selective perception | the practice of perceiving media messages the way one wants to |
Sound Bite | a short, pithy comment that is likely to attract media attention |
Spin control | placing a certain slant on a story to deflect negative public attention against a candidate or office holder |