Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
MDC1 Exam 2
Rasmussen Dr. Mancini
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which test records intraocular pressure? | Tonometer |
| A client w/ glaucoma is being assessed for new symptoms. Which symptom indicates a high priority need for reassessment of intraocular pressure? | Gradual vison changes |
| What are some factors that affect mobility? | 1. obesity 2. muscle-wasting 3. age 4. sedentary lifestyle |
| What are some sign and symptoms that present in compartment syndrome? | 1. affected extremity feels cooler to touch then the other 2. pallor 3. feeling of tingling in the extremity |
| What is a statement that a patient can make, who just received a cast on the right arm for a fracture a medical emergency and that requires you the RN to call the MD immediately? | I can't feel my fingers or move them |
| If a client with glaucoma asks the RN if complete vision will return. The most app. response is: | Although some vision is lost and cannot be restored, further loss may be prevented by adhering to the treatment plan. |
| A client w/ COPD admitted to the hospital stated "I haven't been able to do much lately. I get SOB quickly." What is a negative effect of immobility on the resp. system? | Impaired gas exchange |
| Which is a late sign of compartment syndrome? | Pulselessness |
| All the following are psychological effects of immobility | 1. depression 2. anxiety 3. isolation |
| During the early postoperative period, the client who had a cataract extraction complains of nausea and severe eye pain over the operative site. The initial nursing action is to: | Call the MD |
| A RN is performing an admission assessment on a client with a diagnosis of detached retina. Which of the following is associated with this eye disorder? | A sense of a curtain falling across the field of vision |
| Which of the following are interventions to promote positive effects of mobility on the genitourinary system? | 1. Bladder training 2. assess for urinary retention 3. promote fluid intake |
| A 5 year old has a fracture of the right upper arm. The x-ray showed that one side of the bone is bent while the other is broken. This is known as a ______ fx? | Greenstick |
| Which of the following are neg. effects of immobility on the musculoskeletal system? | 1. decreased joint mobility 2. bone demineralization 3. decreased endurance and stability |
| The RN is performing pre-operative teaching for a client who will be having a cataract removed. Which of the following instructions does the RN include? | 1. bring sunglasses 2. U will receive a med to help you relax. Then u will receive some diff. eyedrops to dilate ur pupils to paralyze them 3. Sev. diff. types of eye drops r required after surgery & have to be taken sev. times a day up to 4 weeks. |
| During the d/c teaching a patient at risk for developing osteoporosis, you discuss the types of exercise is the best to perform to prevent osteoporosis? | Weight lifting |
| After the RN instills atropine drops into both eyes for a client undergoing ophthalmic exam, which of the following instructions would be given to the client? | Wear dark glasses in bright light because the pupils are dilated |
| What restrictions are necc. after cataract surgery? | 1. No bending at the waist 2. no blowing nose 3. no wearing tight shirts with collars 4. keep head in a dependent position |
| Exercise equal activities that are? | Planned, repetitive and structured |
| What are non-surgical options for carpal tunnel syndrome? | 1. NSAIDS 2. rest 3. splint/brace 4. RICE 5. laser/ultrasound therapy |
| What are non pharmacologic interventions that reduce edema? | Compression socks/devices i.e. SCDs |
| What is the most important when assessing someone who is immobile? | Breathing |
| What are common causes of conductive hearing loss? | 1. inflammation or obstruction of external or middle ear 2. over growth of bony tissue 3. changes in ear drum 4. tumors 5. scar tissue |
| What is a sprain? | Stretching or tearing of a ligament |
| What is not a symptom of open angle glaucoma? | Tingling |
| What is a strain? | injury to muscle/tendon |
| True or false: chronic compartment syndrome is a fracture issue? | False |
| What stage of bone healing includes formation of fibrocartilage/granulation tissue? | Stage 2 |
| What safety measures can prevent injury? | 1. screening for osteoporosis 2. wearing a seatbelt |
| What are the 3 things that can cause back pain with osteoporosis? | 1. stooping 2. lifting 3. bending |
| True or false: Bucks traction is also known as skin traction? | True |
| What is the main s/s of FES? | 1. Dyspnea 2. hypoxemia 3. tachypnea |
| True or false: A common nursing diagnosis after surgery is infection? | False |
| How does being immobile affect the integumentary system? | Causes a lack of oxygen |
| How to best prevent osteomyelitis in patients with a fracture? | 1. strict infection control measures 2. always perform hand hygiene |
| What is fitness? | One's own ability to carry out ADL's or varying degrees of exercise |
| What is the proper way to administer eye drops? | 1. Client tilts head backwards/look toward ceiling 2. Squeeze tube/release drops into pocket of eyelid w/o touching anything. 3. Rest wrist that holds tube against patients cheek. 4. Pull lower lid down against patients cheeks. |
| What assessment would you do for someone immobile? | 1. gait 2. mobility 3. skin assessment |
| What test is used to determine open vs. closed-angle glaucoma? | Gonioscopy |
| What are the proper body mechanics for moving a patient in bed? | 1. proper body alignment 2. raise bed to good working position 3. have a good base |
| Standard methods to immobile a fracture includes? | Check ABC's first |
| What medication class decreases inflammation but will delay bone healing? | NSAIDS |
| What are common causes of carpal syndrome? | 1. Diabetes mellitus 2. factory workers (repetitive stress injury) 3. RA |
| What are non pharmacologic interventions for an ankle injury? | RICE (R:rest, I:Ice, C:compression, E:Elevate) |
| Complications with a cast include | 1. pain 2. pressure 3. paralysis 4. paraesthesia 5. pallor 6. pulselessness |
| During stage one of bone healing what will form? | Hematoma |
| Patient education on plantar fasciitis | 1. rest 2. maintain arch of the foot 3. ICE 4. shoes with good support 5. orthotics |
| How do we diagnosis osteoporosis? | DXA scan |
| What are symptoms of cataracts? | 1. lens opacity 2. blurred vision 3. decrease color perception 4. foggy vision (glasses seem smudged, but not) |
| Acute compartment syndrome most common sites are? | Forearm and lower leg |
| What is a fat embolism? | Fat globules that are released into the blood stream w/in 12-48 hours or 24-72 hours usually after a trauma. Example bone fracture |
| Hemorrhages can cause hyper-volemic shock and bleeding. What is the cause? | Cut arteries |
| What area of the spine is most likely to have a fracture associated with osteoporosis? | T8-L5 |
| True or false: Stage 4 of bone healing is when the callus is reabsorbed? | True |
| True or false: Kyphosis is also known as a dowagers hump? | True |
| True or false: 5-10 pounds is the weight used for Buck's traction? | True |
| What can prevent a DVT? | 1. blood thinners 2. unfractionated heparin 3. compression socks |
| What is the primary purpose of a Bucks traction? | Decrease painful muscle spasms |
| What would you make the first priority when assessing a patient that is immobile? | a client who is presenting with respirations that are 8 |
| Normal respirations are between? | 12-16 bpm |
| What is considered too much ocular pressure? | Greater than 22 mmHg |
| Avascular necrosis is the death of bone tissue, what else may it be called? | 1. osteonecrosis 2. aseptic nerosis 3. ischemic bone necrosis |
| What is a nursing diagnosis? | A clinical judgment to health problems |
| What are some manifestations of tinnitus? | 1. Ringing in one or both ears 2. common ear problem 3. continuous ringing in ears |
| What is typically the first sign that a person with avascular necrosis can identify? | Pain |
| What is a nursing intervention for osteoporosis? | 1. weight bearing exercises 2. Bisphosphonates 3. calcium and vitamin D |
| What type of traction is longitudinal skin traction and is applied to extremities in one direction with a single pulley? | Buck |
| What are signs/symptoms of Glaucoma? | 1. Decreased peripheral vision 2. Double vision 3. Atrophy of optic disk 4. Deteriorated vision |
| What are signs and symptoms of osteoporosis? | 1. loss of height 2. fractures 3. sudden or severe back pain 4. trouble twisting/turning |
| What is passive ROM? | 1. usually used to help paralyzed patients 2. Usually carried out by a PT |
| What are the late signs of a fat embolism? | 1. confusion 2. pin point rash |
| What are the early signs of a fat embolism? | 1. hypoxia 2. tachypnea 3. dyspnea |
| What is a normal intraocular pressure? | 12-22 |
| What causes sensorineural hearing loss? | 1. Prolonged exposure to loud noise 2. Diabetes mellitus 3. ototoxic substance |
| Treatment for Glaucoma? | 1. follow through w. treatment plans 2. eye drops 3. patient education |
| What are the signs and symptoms of hearing loss? | 1. speech delay 2. ringing in the ears 3. sounds are more quiet then usual 4. hard to know where the sound comes from |
| Name some medications that delay bone healing? | 1. Aspirin 2. Naproxen 3. Ibuprofen |
| What treatment is used for plantar fasciitis? | 1. orthotics 2. endoscopic surgery to remove inflammed tissue 3. NSAIDS or steroids 4. ICE |
| What are the signs and symptoms for plantar fasciitis? | 1. pain in the arch of the foot 2. pain is worse getting out of bed 3. obesity 4. inflammation in fascia of the foot |
| Signs and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome include: | 1. swelling in wrist 2. nail changes/thickening, fissuring 3. skin discoloration 4. increase and decrease in hand sweating |
| True or false: Carpal Tunnel syndrome occurs mostly in patients with RA or diabetes insipidus? | False |
| True or false: To avoid injury place your center of gravity closest to the base of support? | True |
| Medical term for nearsightedness? | myopia |
| What is anisocoria? | Unequal pupil size |
| Medical term for farsightedness? | Hyperopia |
| Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis? | 1. birth control 2. inactivity 3. smoking 4. surgery |
| What is Buck's traction? | Used to help relieve muscle spasms from a hip proximal femur fracture |
| What are some proper body mechanics when lifting? | 1. wide base 2. proper body alignment 3. raise bed to a comfortable working height |
| A patient reports pain after amputation? What do you say? | Please rate your pain from 0-10 |
| What is the best adaptive device to help transfer a obese patient? | Hoyer lift |
| How do you help the patient improve resp. function after surgery? | 1. head of bed up 2. turn/cough 3. incentive spirometer |
| When teaching a patient how to use the incentive spirometer, the level raises when? | The client inhales |
| What tests are used for osteoporosis? | 1. Dual x-ray 2. DEXA scan |
| On a ted hose where does the window go? | Top of the foot |
| What is typically the first sign for compartment syndrome? | Parathesia/pain? |
| What fractures would you commonly see a FES? | Hip and pelvis fracture |
| What type of fracture will require surgery? | 1. Open fracture 2. compound fracture |
| Meniere's Disease causes what? | Dizziness |
| Timolol are eye drops that have what risk? | hypotension |
| True or false: Glaucoma is reversible? | False |
| Name a condyloid joint? | wrist |
| How often should a patient use the incentive spirometer? | every 2 hours while awake |
| The Branden scale measures what? | Risk for pressure ulcers |
| During a neurovascular assessment on a affected extremity the RN will check what? | Check for loss of sensation, color, movement, temp., and nerve ending integrity especially in the affected areas |
| During a nerouvascular assessment on an affected extremity the RN will assess the 5 P's what will be the first P they will assess? | Pulse |
| Name the 5 P's | 1. Pain 2. pulse 3. pallor 4. paresthesia 5. Pulselessness |
| What is osteogenesis imperfecta? | Brittle bones that fracture easily. Pathological fractures |
| What is Osteomyelitis? | Inflammation/infection or swelling of the bone |
| Treatment for osteomyelitis | 1. Surgical intervention to remove part of the infected bone that has died 2. antibiotics 3. infection control i.e. wash hands |
| Medical term for bunion | Hallus Valgus |
| What is traction used for? | Helps promote bone healing |
| Nursing considerations when using traction | 1. check skin integrity 2. ensure traction weight is freely hanging |
| Are RN's allowed to mess with pulleys and weights when traction is being used? | No |
| What is avascular necrosis? | Related to DISRUPTED BLOOD FLOW to the bone, usually caused by hardware used to repair fractures |
| Where is a common site for avascular necrosis to occur? | Hip fractures |
| Medications that can contribute to avascular necrosis | Long term prednisone therapy patients |
| Definition for Nearsightedness (myopia) | Can see objects up close but far away appear blurred |
| definition for farsightedness (hyperopia) | Can see objects far away clearly but up close objects appear blurry. |
| Orthopneic position | Patient leans forward to help with respiration (helps with SOB) |
| Fowler's position | 90 degree angle. Sitting up |
| Semi-Fowlers position | 30 degree angle. promotes respiration function |
| High-Fowlers position | 45-90 degree angle. helps with cardiac dysfunction |
| Lateral position | lying sideways |
| Lateral recumbent position | side lying with legs in line |
| Prone position | Lying on stomach. Allows for better respiration and chest expansion. |
| True or false: Prone position should only be used for a short while? | True. Only be used for short periods of time. Creates significant lordosis, never use in patients with back injury or surgery |
| Sim's position | Lying semi-lateral and semi on stomach (semi prone) |
| Supine position | Lying on back |
| What is acute compartment syndrome | blood vessels and nerves get caught within the fascia leading to increase in venous pressure and resulting in extreme edema. Edema leads to tissue necrosis and possible infection in not treated |
| What is the last sign/symptom of compartment syndrome that results in medical surgical emergency? | Pulselessness |
| When transferring an immobile client what devices should be used to promote safety? | 1. mechanical lift 2. Hoyer lift |
| In regards to home safety of the client what should be stressed? | Removing potential falls for risk in the home |
| DVT prevention: | 1. compression stockings 2. no smoking 3. limit alcohol 4. avoid caffeine 5. birth control 6. avoid excess weight gain |
| Negative effects of the resp. system on immobile patients | 1. decreases all muscle strength including the lungs 2. decreases resp. depth 3. affects ventilation 4. increases secretions 5. air passage blockage can lead to atelectasis |
| Nursing interventions for the resp. system on immobile patients | 1. turn, cough & deep breaths every 2 hrs 2. incentive spirometer every 2 hrs while awake 3. orthopneic position 4. encourage fluid intake of at least 2,000 mL per day 5. assess lungs, cough & sputum production |
| Negative effects of the GI system on immobile patients | 1. slows peristalsis 2. constipation 3. paralytic ileus |
| Buck's traction does what? | Helps realign bones. Provides comfort, reduces muscle spasms, provides fracture immobilization, involves pulleys/wheels. |
| What is Buck's traction used on? | Lower limb, femoral and hip fractures |
| Signs and symptoms of fat embolism syndrome | 1. Hypoxemia 2. dyspnea 3. tachypnea 4. headaches 5. lethargy 6. agitation 7. confusion 8. vision changes 9. petechia (rash on chest) |
| Passive range of motion | When the patient needs assistance to move limbs/body |
| Which glaucoma is considered a medical emergency? | Closed angle glaucoma |
| Tonometry defintion | Measures IOP |
| Gonioscopy Defintion | Test that determines whether angle is open or closed |
| Open reduction with internal fixation is when | bone is fixed inside the extremity, limb is sowed shut. No pins are sticking out |
| True or false: Open reduction with internal fixation is the most common used when it comes to fixing bone fractures | True |
| Ottis media is associated with what type of hearing loss? | Conductive |
| Conductive hearing loss definition | Sound waves don't reach the inner ear nerve fibers because of external or middle ear disorders |
| conductive hearing occurs because | 1. inflammation or obstruction of the external or middle ear 2. changes to ear drum 3. tumors 4. scar tissue 5. overgrowth of the bony tissue in the ossicles |
| Meds that delay bone healing (class) | Ibuprofen (NSAIDs) |
| When communicating with hearing impaired clients it is good to: | 1. speak at a normal level 2. face patient 3. speak clearly |
| A mechanical lift is a | hydraulic lift that transfers patients. Usually used on immobile patients |
| Definition of carpal tunnel syndrome | compression of median nerve and occurs in patients who do repetitive stress movement |
| True or false carpal tunnel syndrome can occur in patients with RA? | True |
| Treatment for Carpal tunnel syndrome is | 1. NSAIDs 2. injection of corticosteroids 3. splint/brace 4. surgery to cut the affected nerve out |
| RICE stands for | Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevate |
| When is RICE used? | For patients who are experiencing a strain or sprain |
| A sprain is a | injury to the ligament |
| A strain is a | injury to the tendon/muscle |
| Plantar Fasciitis is | inflammation of the fascia causing severe pain of the arch of the foot |
| Treatment for plantar fasciitis | 1. RICE 2. NSAIDs 3. shoes with good support |
| True or false: You should use heat as a treatment for plantar fasciitis | False. Never use heat for this injury |
| Cataracts definition | Impairment of the lens which lies just behind the iris. Typically related with age |
| signs and symptoms of cataracts | 1. blurred vision 2. decrease color perception 3. NO PAIN 4. double vision 5. cloudiness in appearance |
| Treatment for cataracts | Remove the lens and replace with a plastic implant |
| Name the stages of bone healing | 1. hematoma 2. Fibro cartilaginous callus formation of tissue / granulation tissue 3. callus is the beginning of non bony union / the formation of a bony callus 4. callus is gradually resorbed and transformed into bone 5. remodeling of bone |
| What scans bone density | DEXA scan |
| What is hemiplegia | Paralysis affecting one side of the body |
| Stage 1 of bone healing | Hematoma |
| Stage 2 of bone healing | Fibrocartilaginous callus formation |
| Stage 3 of bone healing | Bony callus formation |
| Stage 4 of bone healing | Bone remodeling |
Created by:
ardippel