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Literary Devices
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| point of view | The perspective from which a story is told |
| first person pov | one of the characters, using the personal pronoun “I,” tells the story. |
| third person omniscent | (ALL KNOWING)– the narrator knows (sees) everything about ALL the characters and their problems; can tell the reader what characters are thinking and what is happening in several places at one time; is not part of the story’s action at all. |
| third person limited | the narrator is not part of the story’s action and focuses on the thoughts and feelings of only ONE character (LIMITED to that person); the reader observes the action through only one of the characters in the story. |
| character | A person or animal in a story. |
| protagonist | main character |
| antagonist | character that opposes the main character |
| dynamic character | a character who changes |
| static character | a character who stays the same |
| characterization | A description of the distinctive nature or features of someone or something. This includes how a character speaks, acts, feels, and how other characters talk to/about the character. Often listed as one-word adjectives. |
| motivation | The reason(s) a character behaves in a certain way. Among the many reasons for a person’s behavior are feelings, experiences, and commands by others. |
| setting | The time AND place during which a story is set |
| tone | The author’s attitude (feelings) toward his/her subject matter, characters, and audience. Tone is interpreted through the author’s choice of words similar to the way a person’s tone of voice adds meaning to what they say. |
| atmosphere | the physical surrounding that adds to the overall feeling of a story |
| mood | the way a reader feels as he/she reads a story as described with one or two adjectives. |
| conflict | A struggle between opposing characters or opposing forces. The conflict complicates things for the main character. |
| suspense | The uncertainty or anxiety that a reader feels about what will happen next in the story. |
| symbolism | A person, a place, a thing, or an event that has meaning in itself and stands for something beyond itself as well. |
| motif | Any element of a story that is repeated in different stories at different times. Motifs can be a character, an image, or a story-line! |
| theme | The overall message or truth about life in a piece of literature. topic + what the author says about the topic = theme |
| foreshadowing | The use of clues or hints to suggest events that will occur later in the story. Foreshadowing is used to build suspense or anxiety for the reader. |
| flashback | Interruption in the present action of a plot to show events that happened at an earlier time. *Flashback IS NOT a memory but a way for a writer to go back in time and “fill in the blanks” for a reader. |
| situational irony | what happens is very different from what we expected would happen |
| verbal irony | a contrast between what is said or written and what is really meant |
| dramatic irony | the reader/audience knows something the characters don’t know |
| allusion | A reference to a statement, a person, a place, or an event from literature, the arts, history, religion, mythology, sports, etc. |
| simile | A comparison of two things that are not alike using words such as “like” or “as.” |
| metaphor | A comparison of two things that are not alike where one becomes the other. |
| alliteration | Repetition of the same beginning consonant sound of words that are close together. |
| personification | An object or animal is spoken about as if it had human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes. |
| onomatopoeia | Words whose sounds imitate or suggest their meaning. |
| imagery | Language that appeals to the five senses: sight, sound, touch, taste, or smell. |
| rhyme scheme vs free verse | Rhymed poetry is identified by the pattern of the rhyming lines (based upon the last word in the line) and identified by LETTERS Free verse poetry does not have a regular rhyme scheme and resembles prose (ex: The Crossover |
| hyperbole (exaggeration) | Overstating something for the purpose of creating a comic effect. |
| internal conflict | a struggle within a character’s own mind over feelings or a decision. (character vs. self) |
| external conflict | a struggle between a character and an outside force. character vs. character character vs. nature character vs. society |
Created by:
k.far6370
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