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Jones/Mishoe

French Revolution

QuestionAnswer
Estates This assembly was composed of three estates – the clergy, nobility and commoners – who had the power to decide on the levying of new taxes and to undertake reforms in the country.
Bourgeoisie Merchants, manufacturers, professionals—had gained financial power but were excluded from political power.
Louis XVI The last King of France before the fall of the monarchy during the French Revolution. Married to Marie Antoinette.
Estates-General A meeting of the three estates within French society which included the clergy, nobility and the peasant classes.
Cahiers Lists of concerns or grievances compiled in the spring of 1789 and were to serve as mandates for representatives elected to the Estates-General of France
Deficit Spending Situation in which a government spends more money than it takes in.
Tennis Court Oath A pledge that was signed in the early days of the French Revolution and was an important revolutionary act that displayed the belief that political authority came from the nation's people and not from the monarchy.
Bastille The Storming of the Bastille happened in Paris, France, on 14 July 1789, when revolutionary insurgents stormed and seized control of the medieval armory, fortress, and political prison known as the Bastille.
Marie Antoinette Queen of France (1774–93) by marriage to Louis XVI of France. Her opposition to reform during the Revolution contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy; guillotined.
Emigres An individual who left France during the revolutionary period.
Sans-culottes The working-class people of Paris and other cities who participated in the great movement of the French Revolution.
Jacobins The left-wing revolutionaries who aimed to end the reign of King Louis XVI and establish a French republic in which political authority came from the people
Robespierre French lawyer, leader of the radical Jacobins and one of the most influential figures in the French Revolution.
Reign of Terror Period of the French Revolution when, following the creation of the First Republic, a series of massacres and numerous public executions took place.
Guillotine Device for beheading a person by means of a heavy blade that is dropped between two posts serving as guides: widely used during the French Revolution.
Napoleon Played a key role in the French Revolution (1789–99), served as first consul of France (1799–1804), and was the first emperor of France (1804–14/15). Considered one of the greatest military generals in history.
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