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Units 4.1-4.2

Notes/Quiz Prep

QuestionAnswer
_________________ originally created in China for fortune telling, helped steer a ship in the right direction. Magnetic Compass
_________________ imporved by Muslim navigators in the 12th century, let sailors find out that their position based on the equator. Astrolabe
_________________ small three-masted ship developed by Portuguese in the 15th century, allowed sailors to survive storms better than eariler ships. Caravel
_________________ also known as mapmaking, helped sailors navigate. Cartography
What motivations pushed Europeans into exploration and trade? - As population increased, not all workers could find food or work - Primogeniture laws, not all sons of wealthy could own land, estates went to the eldest son. - Religous minorities, wanted a place to settle where they would be treated with tolerance
How did rivalries develop as more Europeans joined the Indian Ocean trade network? How was the Omani-European Rivalry an example of this? As more Eurpeans joined the trade netowrk, they faced competition from the Middle Eastern traders in Oman.
This rivalry led to Columbus searching for a new route to India. What did his voyages get from the following: -(a)Americas: -(b)Africa: -(c)Asia: (a) Sugar, tobacco, and rum (b) Enslaved people (c) Silk, spices, and rhubarb
How does the extensive trade impact Spain, Portugal, Great Britain, France, and Holland (What do they become)? They became maririme empires
Explain how Western Eurpean countries developed naval technology as a combination of old and new practices. They used Greek sailing traditions (using the stars to navigate). They combined this knowledge with ideas from the islamic and Asian sailors and scholars.
How were the following impactful in the creation of these practices and trade routes? -(a) Al-Andalus: -(b) Prince Henry the Navigator: (a) A place where Islamic Ideas diffused into Eurpoe (b) Financed expiditions on African Coasts. Gave Portugese access to African Coasts before Eurpoean Powers.
How did the following advancements in IDEAS impact trade and travel: -(a) Newton's discovery of gravitation: -(b) Astronomical charts: (a) Increased knowledge of tides led to sailors being able to reliably predict when depth of water near shore would decrease which would expose dangerous rocks. (b) Maritime sailers used the stars to navigate
_________________ Square and lateen sails/masts, made for trade and used by Portugal. Carrack
_________________ Lateen sails, made for long voyages at great speed, used by Portugal/Spain. Caravel
_________________ Square sails, used for trade, used by the Dutch. Fluyt
_________________ Ship sal in the shap of a triangle used by Arab sailors in the Indian Ocean first; could catch wind on either side of the ship. Lateen sails
Discuss the long-term results of these techniques on exploration, gunpowder, Islam, and Africa. -Europe navagation techniques with other in world led to rapid expansion of exploration and global trade - Gunpowder-> aided Europeans in their conquests as well as aiding pirates - Africa brought extensive trade and new tech. to the continent
Primogeniture Laws Gave all of each estate to the eldest son
Omani-European Rivalry Portuguese set-up forts in oman but were repeatedly challenged by attempts to remove them -> one reason for Christopher Columbus's search for a new route to India.
Maritime Empires Spain, Portugal, Great Britian, France, and Holland.
Prince Henry the Navigator Strongly supported navigation, financed explorations of the African Coasts, with his help, Portugal explored the African Coasts before European powers.
Created by: aubreydurham
 

 



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