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unit 2 attempt 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The below diagram is an example of what plate tectonic setting? | island arc |
| The Rocky Mountains of western North America were produced in an orogeny called the ________. | Laramide orogeny |
| The Appalachian Mountains may have once been as lofty as the Himalayan-Tibetan Mountain belt is today. Why are they not this high now? | They formed long ago, and erosion has beveled them to their present low elevation. |
| What is the modern theory for orogenesis (mountain building)? | plate tectonics theory |
| The Appalachians were formed by three phases of ________ orogeny. | collisional |
| Orogenesis refers to the formation of ________. | mountains |
| Most active faults pose a risk to society because they can potentially produce ________. | earthquakes |
| What is the major difference between a subduction zone and a collisional mountain chain? | A subduction zone has active volcanism. |
| Island arcs and Andean type mountains are both examples of mountains formed by ________. | subduction |
| Subduction occurs when ________ rocks are forced beneath ________ rocks | oceanic; continental or oceanic |
| The Sierra Nevada Mountains of California, and the Teton Mountains of Wyoming, ranges are examples of ________. | fault blocks uplifted by late Tertiary to Quaternary normal faulting |
| Which letter in the figure above corresponds to a "syncline"? | a |
| The San Andreas Fault in California and the Alpine Fault in New Zealand are examples of ________. | strike-slip faults |
| Mountain building uplifts rocks against the force of gravity raising their potential energy, which requires work by the earth system. Based on the relative motion of fault blocks, what type of fault would you expect to require more energy than the others? | thrust |
| What two factors speed up rates of chemical reaction and weathering in rocks and soils? | warm temp; very moist |
| Which one of the following statements best describes erosion? | the process by which weathered rock and mineral particles are removed from one area and transported elsewhere |
| Mass wasting, a process that often occurs between weathering and erosion, involves ________. | transport of material due to gravity |
| What kind of weathering involves only a reduction in the sizes of bedrock, regolith, and mineral particles? | mechanical |
| What is the most abundant, naturally produced, weak acid involved in chemical weathering and soil formation? | carbonic |
| How does deforestation by fire or human activity contribute to mass wasting? | It kills tree roots that help hold the slopes in place, allowing mass movement |
| Which of the following is most resistant to both chemical and physical weathering | quartz |
| . What should the rancher be concerned about on his overgrazed lands? | slumps along the creek |
| Assume that water filling a crack in a rock undergoes cycles of freezing and melting. Which of the following statement is true? | Water expands as it freezes, causing the crack walls to be pushed apart. |
| Features like rock ledges in badlands or rock fins standing above adjacent valleys are all examples of ________. | differential weathering |
| ________ is the basic force that moves or accelerates soil and regolith down a slope | gravity |
| All of the following are factors affecting mass wasting except for ________ | geological age |
| Most stream valleys have a V shaped cross section because ________. | mass wasting of weathered rocks on the slope maintain an angle of repose slope |
| One important relationship between chemical and mechanical weathering is ________. | mechanical weathering can produce smaller pieces of rock that have more surface area for chemical weathering to work on |
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khoseid