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Government Test 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who holds sovereignty in the United States? They do so by... | The people. -Electing representatives, whose job it is to make and carry out laws. |
| Article I of the Constitution gives... | The law-making power to Congress. |
| What is a census? | An official count or survey of a population, typically recording various details of individuals. |
| Define apportion. | Divide and allocate. Apportionment measures the population so that seats in the U.S. House of Representatives can be correctly apportioned among the states. |
| Define single-member district. | Electoral district represented by a single officeholder. |
| Define at-large. | A description for members of a governing body elected or appointed to represent a full membership or population, rather than a subset. |
| Define continuous body. | The Senate is known as the “Continuous body”. The Senate does not adopt rules every two years but depends more on tradition and precedent when determining procedure. |
| Define constituents. | A person who is represented politically by a designated government official or officeholder. |
| Define oversight. | The review, monitoring, and supervision of federal agencies, programs, and policy implementation. The main investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives. |
| Define reapportionment. | Redistribution of seats in the U.S. House of Representatives based on changes in population. |
| Define gerrymandering. | Achieve a result by manipulating the boundaries of an electoral constituency. |
| Define Speaker of the House. | The presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives. |
| Define bills. | Proposed laws. |
| Define floor leader. | The representative of each party elected to help manage the actions and strategy of their party in the House of Representatives |
| Define whips. | The representatives of each party whose duty is to encourage fellow party members to vote as the party leadership wants. |
| Define standing committees. | Permanent committees of the House of Representatives that address the major areas in which most proposed laws fall, such as agriculture, the budget, and the armed service |
| Define select committees. | Temporary committees in the House of Representatives formed to carry out specific tasks that are not already covered by the existing committee. |
| Define President of the Senate. | A position held by the vice president of the United States, who presides over debate in the Senate chamber. |
| Define President pro tempore. | The official who presides over the Senate in the absence of the vice president |
| Define Senate majority leader. | The person elected by the majority party who serves as the spokesperson and main strategist for the majority party in the Senate. |
| Define filibuster. | The tactic used when opponents of a measure seek to prevent it from coming up for a vote in the Senate by refusing to stop talking in hopes of stalling action long enough that the rest of the Senate will be forced to move on to other business. |
| Define cloture. | The vote to end debate of a bill in the Senate. |
| Each member of Congress represents the people of a particular... | Geographic area. |
| What are the two main things Congressmen and women are pressured by? | 1.) The people. 2.) Interest groups. |
| Each Congress member employs a... | Staff of assistants to act on queries from constituents. |
| True or false: Members may vote based on what they think is in the best interest of the nation, even if it conflicts with the views of their constituents. | True. |
| The average age of members in recent Congresses has been in the... Members of Congress are also much ______ than the general population. | Mid-to- upper fifties. -Wealthier. |
| Most members of Congress are... | White men. |
| Congress is a ________ legislature. What is it made up of? | Bicameral. -The House of Representatives and the Senate. |
| What are the requirements to run for the House of Representatives? | 1.) Citizen for 7 years 2.) 25 years old. |
| What are the requirements to run for the Senate? | 1.) Citizen for 9 years. 2.) 30 years old. |
| What are the term amounts for members of the House of Representatives? | 2 years. |
| What are the term limits for members of the Senate? | 6 years. |
| Do the Senate or the House of Representatives have term limits? | No. |
| How many members are in the House of Representatives? | 435 members. |
| How many members are in the Senate? | 100 members, 2 per state. |
| How do we determine how many members are in House of Representatives? | Based on population. |
| How do we determine how many members are in the Senate? | 2 per state. |
| What type of district is the House of Representatives? | Single member district. |
| Is the House of Representatives a continuous body? | No. |
| How often is the House of Representatives reapportioned? | Every 10 years. |
| True or false: Not every state will have a representative in the House. | False- every state has at least 1. |
| How many representatives does Ohio have in the House? | 15. |
| Who are the two representatives for the House in our area. | Mike Carrey (2020). Brad Wenstrop (2022). |
| How many people are (approximately) in each district? | 650,000 to 700,000 people. |
| How many people are up for election in the Senate every 2 years? | 1/3. |
| How are senators elected? | At-large. |
| Who are the senators for Ohio? | Rob Portman (2016). Sherrod Brown (2018). JD Vance (2022). |
| Give an example of a continuous body in the Senate. | 2010- 34 seats. 2011- 33 seats. 2012- 33 seats. |
| Who is the speaker of the House of Representatives? | Nancy Pelosi. |
| What does the speaker of the House of Representatives do? | Leader and presiding officer, most powerful position in the House. |
| How is the speaker of the House of Representatives elected? | By the House of Representatives. |
| Who is the majority leader in the House of Representatives? | Steny Hoyer. |
| What does the majority leader in the House of Representatives do? | Represents the majority party (Democrats) on the House floor. |
| Who is the majority whip in the House of Representatives? | Jim Clybrun. |
| Who is the minority leader in the House of Representatives? | Kevin McCarthy. |
| Who is the minority whip in the House of Representatives? | Steve Scalise. |
| Each House seat is meant to represent... | About the same number of people. |
| True or false: The larger a state’s population, the more representatives it has. | True. |
| Originally, the Constitution gave the power to choose senators to _______ _______ rather than to the voters. | State legislatures. |
| What did the 17th amendment do? What year was it ratified? | Direct election of Senators. -1913. |
| The Great Compromise led to... | The Bicameral Legislature. |
| Congress alone has the power to... | Approve spending by the federal government. |
| Define appropriation. | A congressional act or bill that sets aside funds for a specific purpose. |
| How can Congress's "power of the purse" be useful? (Think checks and balances). | With it, Congress can prevent the executive branch from carrying out policies it disagrees with. The president can make budget requests, yet Congress can refuse to fund those requests. |
| What is one of the limits on Congress's spending ideas? Why did the Framers create this limitation? | Congress cannot lower the pay of the president and judges during their time in office. They wanted to make sure that Congress did not use salary as a means to put pressure on or undercut the authority of the other branches. |
| What are some positions that the executive branch gets to appoint? | These officials include ambassadors, federal judges and Supreme Court justices, and other top government leaders. |
| How can Congress limit the executive branch when it comes to appointing people to positions? | These presidential powers are subject to the “advice and consent” of the Senate. |
| How can Congress limit the executive branch when it comes to treaties? | Any treaty negotiated by a president is put to a vote in the Senate. It must receive a two-thirds vote to become law. |
| Define impeachment. | The process of charging officials in the executive and judicial branches with wrongdoing and bringing them to trial. |
| If found guilty, impeached officials can be... | Removed from office before the completion of their terms. |
| The impeachment process begins in the ________ ________ _______, which has responsibility for... | House of Representatives. -Drawing up the charges against the official. |
| What happens after the impeachment process goes through the House of Representatives? | The Senate then holds a trial, with the vice president serving as the judge. A two-thirds vote of the Senate is required to find the official guilty and remove him or her from office. |
| The Constitution calls for impeachment in cases of... | Treason, bribery, or “high crimes and misdemeanors.” |
| Who were the three presidents to be impeached? | Andrew Johnson in 1868, Bill Clinton in 1998, and Donald Trump in 2019. |
| Why was Andrew Johnson impeached? Did he finish his term? | Johnson felt that Congress's law was unconstitutional and disobeyed it. He fell short by one vote in the Senate and was able to finish his term. |
| What were the charges against Bill Clinton? Did he finish his term? | The charges included giving false testimony to a court in a civil case unrelated to the president’s official duties. He didn't get the votes needed to be impeached so he finished his term. |
| Who avoided impeachment from Congress by stepping down? | Richard Nixon in 1974. |
| Congress can check the power of the judicial branch by starting the... The _____ have the final authority to ratify any amendments Congress proposes. | Process of amending the Constitution. -States. |
| Congress can also check the power of the executive branch by voting to... | Override a presidential veto of a bill previously passed by Congress. |
| An override is not easy to obtain. It requires a... | Two-thirds vote of each chamber of Congress. |
| How often is the population of the United States counted? | Every 10 years. |
| When performing congressional duties, senators and representatives have a form of legal protection called... | Immunity. |
| What is the significance of the Supreme Court decision Wesberry vs. Sanders? | The Wesberry vs. Sanders case established a one-person one vote principle. This decision helped prevent gerrymandering, as gerrymandering had made it more difficult for minority groups to be equally represented in Congress. |
| When your representative writes you a letter in response to your inquiry and does not put a stamp on the envelope, it is because he or she has the... | Franking Privilege. |
| What are joint committees? | Special committees formed from members of the House of Representatives and the Senate to address broad issues that affect both chambers |
| Whips, floor leaders, and the Speaker are elected in a(n) ________, a meeting of all the House members from a particular party. | Majority vote/Conference. |
| Which term refers to a special type of act that congress uses to set aside funds for specific purposes? | Appropriation. |
| When a senate seat becomes vacant who has the right to appoint a replacement? | The governor of the state. |
| True or false: Congress can hold hearings and force witnesses to appear, including officials from the executive branch. | True. |
| Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution lists 18 specific powers that ________ is meant to wield, including... | Congress. -Coining money, collecting taxes, regulating commerce, raising and maintaining armed forces, and declaring war |
| Congress’s implied powers derive from... | Article I, Section 8, Clause 18. |
| What is the necessary and proper clause? | Article I, Section 8, Clause 18, of the Constitution, which gives the national legislature the power to “make all laws that are necessary and proper” to exercise the powers granted by the Constitution; also known as the “elastic clause”. |
| What are inherit powers? | Those powers that all governments of independent nations possess that are not spelled out. |
| Which article lists the powers denied to Congress? | Article I, Section 9. |
| What are the three broad powers of Congress? | -Government finance and revenue. -Regulation of commerce. -National defense. |
| What are the two ways Congress can raise money? | -Levying Taxes. -Borrowing money. |
| For much of the nation’s history, the majority of tax revenue was generated by... What is this? | -Tariffs. A tariff is a tax on goods imported into the country. |
| What is an indirect tax? | A tax levied on one person but passed on to another for payment to the government; tariffs are examples of indirect taxes. |
| Today the federal government collects indirect taxes for products such as... | Gasoline, liquor, and airline tickets. |
| What is a direct tax? | A tax an individual pays directly to the government. |
| What did the sixteenth amendment do? | It specifically empowered Congress to levy an income tax. |
| What is a deficit? | A condition in which government revenues are lower than expenses. |
| The Constitution gives the federal government the right to regulate _______ _______. What does this mean? | Interstate commerce. -Congress alone can pass laws affecting economic activity that takes place across state lines |
| What is the Commerce Clause? | Article I, Section 8, Clause 3, of the Constitution that outlines the commerce powers granted to Congress. |
| Congress’s commerce power is contained in... | Article I, Section 8, Clause 3. |
| Who sets the salary for the members of Congress? | Congress. |
| Who is the current President of the Senate? | Kamala Harris. |
| Who takes the role of President of the Senate? | The Vice President. |
| Who is the current Pro-Tempore? | Patrick Leahy |
| Who is the current Majority Leader in the Senate? | Charles Schumer |
| Who is the current Minority Leader in the Senate? | Mitch McConnell. |
| What does the President Pro-Tempore do? | Presides over the Senate when the Vice President is not there. |
| What does the Majority Leader do? | Elected by their party, spokesperson for their party's position on issues. |
| Each party in the Senate also has... | Assistant Leaders and Whips. |
| According to custom, representatives live in the districts they represent, but... | That is not required under the Constitution. |
| What is the requirement for expulsion in Congress? | A 2/3 majority vote. |
| Your ability to _______ _______ matters if you want to win an election. | Raise Money. |
| The number of seats for the House of Representatives was fixed in... | 1929. |
| Why is Washington DC not represented by a representative in the House? | Because they're only a district, not a state. |
| Name the current member of the House of Representatives from the district that includes Clinton County. | Mike Carrey. |
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OliviaRoark
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