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VET 150 Week 9

Miscellaneous Therapeutic Agents

QuestionAnswer
Chondroprotectives Decrease progression of osteoarthritis by providing support to cartilage & promoting its repair
Polysulfated Glycosaminoglycans (PSGAG) Treats noninfectious, degenerative or traumatic joint dysfunction; degenerative joint disorders in dogs and swine Consist of a repeating chain of hexosamine and hexuronic acid
Nutraceuticals Use of macronutrients, micronutrients, nutritional supplements as therapeutic agents Endogenous substances that support bodily functions
Glucosamine An amino sugar produced in animal cells; used in production of PSGAGs & glycoproteins
Chondroitin Sulfate Combines with hyaluronic acid, proteins, GAGs to form basic cartilage matrix
_____ & _______ are most often found in veterinary fatty acid supplements. Omega 6; Omega 3
Fatty acids Treats dermatological conditions in dogs & cats, anti inflammatory effect
S-Adenosylmethionine Molecule produced in the body from methionine & ATP Recommended use is as a dietary supplement to support normal structure & function of the liver
Herbal medicines Use of plants to treat veterinary patients Should be used in conjunction with conventional medicine
Traditional herbal medicine Use of plant materials to treat ailments in people & animals Traced to many ancient cultures; China & India
Traditional Chinese medicine Alteration of energy within body systems; yin & yang, heat & cold, dry & moist
Modern herbal medicines Makes the use of the fact that plants & plant material contains chemicals may be used in a manner similar to drugs supplied by the pharmaceutical industry
Dried bulk herb Plant has been harvested, dried, and often powdered May be sold in loose form or capsules
Dried extract Plant is simmered in water, then strained of residue, then sprayed into a vacuum chamber, and finally produces powder/granules
Liquid extract Ingredients are extracted in alcohol and residue is discarded
Aloe vera Plant native to Africa, used since 1500 B.C. Treatment of burns & skin inflammation, stimulated wound healing
Bloodroot Used as an expectorant to treat bronchitis, asthma, laryngitis Reported to have anti-inflammatory & anti-microbial effects
Echinacea purpurea Derived from Echinacea coneflower to treat colds and flu Used as an immunostimulant
Garlic Allium sativum, perennial bulb in the lily family; related to the onion Has been used as an antiparasitic, but no evidence has proved this effective CAN cause Heinz body anemia in cats & dogs
Ginseng Dried roots of several species of the Panax family Chinese believe it increases vitality & overall strength, possibly by improving aerobic metabolism
Gingko biloba Thought to increase circulation to the brain and extremities Reported to improve memory & symptoms of senile dementia in people
Milk thistle Silybum marianum, active ingredient is silymarin Used as a hepatoprotectant & to enhance liver regeneration Thought to provide antioxidants that improve hepatocyte regeneration
Activated charcoal Fine, black, odorless, tasteless powder Used to adsorb certain drugs or toxins
Ca-EDTA Heavy metal chelating agent available as an injection Used for treatment of lead poisoning
Methylene Blue Dye, appears as dark green crystals or crystalline powder with a bronze-like luster Helps convert methemoglobin back to hemoglobin Contraindicated in cats
Acetylcysteine White crystalline powder, soluble in alcohol and water Used orally for treatment of acetaminophen toxicity
Pralidoxime Chloride Reverses the action of cholinesterase inhibitors such as organophosphates Used for oral treatment of organophosphate poisoning
Ethanol Alcohol Used to treat antifreeze poisoning
Vitamin K Necessary for the synthesis of blood coagulation factors by the liver Used in treatment of rodenticide poisoning
Thiamine HCl Used to treat thiamine deficiency; polio encephalomalacia in cattle, sheep, goats
Lubricants Water-based product used to lubricate hands, arms, instruments before gynecologic & rectal examination
Antipamezole Reversal for alpha-2 agonists Used for reversal of dexmedetomidine; treatment of amitraz toxicity
Flumazenil Benzodiazepine antagonist May cause seizures
Naloxone HCl Narcotic antagonist Treatment, prevention, control of narcotic depression
Neostigmine Used to treat ivermectin overdoses in cats & neuromuscular blocking agent overdoses
Tolazoline HCl Used in horses for the reversal of xylazine
Yohimbine Used to reverse the effects of xylazine in 1-3 minutes Do not use in epileptic animals, food producing animals
Created by: Acraft02
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