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pharm antibotics
Question | Answer |
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the audience wants examples of conditions that can be treated by cephalosporins. Which of the following infections should the nurse state as examples? | uti |
Extreme caution would be necessary with the use of gentamicin in which client? | A client who has chronic renal failure secondary to diabetes mellitus |
A man is prescribed ciprofloxacin to treat a sexually transmitted infection. The nurse will instruct the patient to | complete the entire course of drug therapy. |
The nurse is caring for a client who has been receiving a broad-spectrum anti-infective agent for several days. What signs and symptoms should the nurse monitor closely? | infection |
Antibiotic drugs are commonly used in the pediatric population. Why would the tetracyclines be contraindicated in children younger than 8 years of age? | Because of the drugs effects on teeth and bone |
The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a woman who has been prescribed tetracycline and also uses oral contraceptives. What is the most important instruction the nurse will give to this client? | “You should use alternative means of contraception while you are taking tetracycline.” |
Which statement by a client indicates to the nurse that additional teaching concerning the use of antimicrobials is needed? | “I will stop the antibiotic as soon as I feel better.” |
A client comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. The nurse notes a sunburn-like appearance to the client’s skin. The client’s history reveals the use of ciprofloxacin. The nurse interprets which adverse effect regarding this finding? | photosensitivity |
A client is receiving ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract infection. This drug is administered IV. During the infusion, the nurse notes fluid leaking into the tissue around the IV site. What is the best response of the nurse? | |
A nurse is caring for a client in the intensive care unit. The client was admitted 2 hours ago with a severe infection and was started on empiric therapy. Which test will be done to identify drug susceptibility? | Culture and sensitivity |
A client with a gram-negative infection is being treated with an aminoglycoside. What assessment should the nurse prioritize during treatment? | urine output and BUN and creatinine levels |
The nurse is caring for a 62-year-old who has orders to receive gentamicin . The client reports difficulty hearing. What should the nurse do? | Hold the dose and notify the health care provider immediately. |
A nurse is preparing to give a client an initial dose of a penicillin preparation. What should the first action be for the nurse? | Ask the client if there is a history allergy to a penicillin. |
Sulfonamides are classified as which type of medication? | antibacterial |
A client has returned for the third time to the provider’s office after repeated doses of different antibiotics. Which does the nurse suspect? | antibiotic resistance |
Which instruction is appropriate to include in the health teaching for a client receiving anti-infective medication? | Medication needs to be taken as prescribed. |
A critical care nurse is caring for a client taking aminoglycosides. The dosage may need to be adjusted if the nurse finds monitored changes in what system? | renal function |
The clinic nurse is providing health teaching to a client who has been prescribed doxycycline. What is a priority teaching point for this client? | Stay out of the sun. |
Based on a physical assessment, the nurse suspects that a client was given tetracycline as a young child. What physical characteristic led the nurse to this conclusion? | Tooth color |
Which type of testing should be completed prior to an anti-infective being prescribed? | Culture |
Which would be the most significant factor in the selection of an antibiotic drug for treatment of a client's infection? | Culture and susceptibility test results |
Cephalosporins are structurally and chemically related to which classes of antibiotics? | Penicillins |
It is common practice to draw culture and sensitivity tests to determine the most effective antibiotic that will treat the causative agent of the client's infection. What does “culture” determine? | Specifically what organism is causing the infection |
Antimicrobials work by several different mechanisms of action. How do the penicillins work? | Enhancing cell metabolism and growth |
The ability of bacteria to produce substances that inactivate or destroy the antibiotic is known as which of the following? | Bacterial resistance |
A nurse is instructing a client on the antibiotic regimen for the treatment of pneumonia. Which statement is most important to share with client? | Complete the entire prescription of medication. |
A 15-year-old female client is receiving tetracycline for the treatment of severe acne. Which statement would the nurse make when teaching the client about this drug? | “When taking tetracycline, wear extra sunblock and watch for discoloration of your teeth.” |
In teaching about using antibiotic medications, what is it critical to include to help stop the development of resistant strains of microorganisms? | It is very important to take the full course of an antibiotic as prescribed and not save remaining drugs for future infections. |
A young adult client who has no significant prior health history has been prescribed antibiotics for the first time. What nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate for this client? | deficient knowledge regarding drug therapy |
A nurse is preparing the medical history report of a patient with a urinary tract infection. Which of the following conditions should the nurse identify as one in which the use of cephalosporins is restricted? | Renal disease |
What should the nursing instructor include when talking with students about anti-infective medication that are very selective in their actions? | narrow spectrum |
When discussing cephalosporins with the nursing class, the pharmacology instructor explains that this classification of drug is primarily excreted through which organ? | Kidney |
An older adult client is treated for pneumonia with clindamycin. One week after the completion of the medication, the client develops diarrhea. What is the most probable cause of the diarrhea? | Change in normal flora |
A 72-year-old female clinic patient is started on trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for treatment of a urinary tract infection. Prior to administering this drug, the nurse should assess the patient for which of the following conditions? | Renal impairment |
Sulfonamides are bacteriostatic against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but they are becoming less useful for what reason? | Intermittent resistance |
After teaching a client who is receiving doxycycline about the drug, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the client makes what statement? | "I need to wear protective clothing when I'm out in the sun." |
The client has been prescribed a fluoroquinolone. The nurse knows that nursing interventions for clients taking fluoroquinolones include which? | increase fluid intake. |
If clients receive drugs that are known to induce superinfections, they should be monitored for signs of: | new infection |