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POM
Controlling
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Nature/Characteristics/ Features of Controlling | 1]Important Management Function 2]Continuous Process 3]Forward Looking 4]Action oriented 5]Mechanism 6]Dynamic Process |
Importance/Significance of Controlling | 1]Effective Execution 2]Aids to decentralization 3]Helps in delegation 4]Boosts morale 5]Assists Coordination 6]Aids to efficiency 7]Simplifies supervision |
Steps in the process of Controlling | 1] Establishment of standards 2] Measurement of actual performance 3] Comparison of actual performance with standards 4] Taking corrective action |
What is controlling | Controlling refers to the process of measurement and correction of the performance of activities of subordinates in order to make sure that enterprise objectives and the plans devised to attain them are being accomplished. |
Essentials/ Requirements of effective control system. | 1]Suitability 2]Simplicity 3]economical 4]Objective 5]Flexible 6]Suggestive 7]Adequate reporting 8]Individual responsibility 9]Strategic Point control 10]Forward Looking |
Essentials/ Pre requisites of Control | [ It is said that planning is the basis, action is the essence, delegation is the key and information is the guide for control. ] Planning Action Delegation of authority Information |
Behavioral implications of a control system | 1]Restriction on Individual Freedom 2]Control carries certain power and status implications 3]It reduces flexibility and creativity 4]Control based on subjective standards is resented. leads to interpersonal and intergroup conflicts |
follow up behavioral imp of cs | 5]Lack of synch between interconnected variables [ standards should be complementary not contradictory 6]control resented if employees have no power over the situation 7]control may influence the generation of invalid and inaccurate info. |
Traditional Techniques of Managerial Control | 1] Personal Observation 2] Budgeting Control 3] Break Even Analysis 4] Statistical reports |
Modern Techniques of Managerial Control | 1]Ratio Analysis 2]PERT[Program Evaluation and Review Technique and CPM[Critical Path Method] 3]Management Audit 4] Return on investment 5]Responsibility Accounting |
Types of Budget | 1] Production Budget 2] Sales Budget 3] Material Budget 4] Capital Budget 5] Cost Budget 6] Research and Development Budget |
What is Coordination | Coordination refers to the unification, integration and synchronization of the efforts of the team members so as to provide unity of action in pursuit of common goals. |
Need for Cordination | 1]Specialization 2]Conflicting individual and organizational goals 3]Line and Staff structure 4] Personality Politics 5] Different Outlook 6] Coordination is necessary for increasing efficiency |
Types of Coordination | 1] Internal Coordination a]Vertical Coordination(top to bottom) b]Horizontal Coordination(side by side) 2] External Coordination |
Techniques of Effective Coordination | 1]Well-defined goals 2]Simplified Organization 3]Proper Communication 4]Effective Leadership 5]Proper Supervision 6]Cooperation |
Difference | It is a proper method of group efforts to provide unity of action to achieve the goals of the org It is a collective and voluntary action of grp of people towards common goals(willingness of individuals to help each other) |
Difference in nature of cord and coop | It is the result of conscious efforts on part of the management. It happens through voluntary efforts of the individuals. |
Difference in scope of cord and coop | Its scope is broader than cooperation it is an important element of coordination |
Difference in purpose of cord and coop | To attain goals efficiently and econo0mically by group efforts the purpose is mutual help. |
Difference in performance of cord and coop | It is accomplished in the various f^n of management through deliberate efforts made by the executives. It is sought by the people working together by their voluntary actions. |
What is supervision | Supervision is direction, guidance and controlling of the work force to ensure that they are working according to the plans and are keeping time schedule. |
Responsibilities/Duties of a supervisor | 1]Schedule work shifts 2]Train employees for their roles 3]Give employees feedback on their performance 4]Convey departmental Goals and targets to the team 5]Comm status reports and updates to the upper management 6]Solve workplace conflicts or chall |
Qualities of a good supervisor | 1]Good managerial skills 2] Team player 3] Goal Oriented 4] Communication Skills 5]Approachability and Empathy 6] Conflict Resolution 7] Mentorship |
Essential Requirements of Effective Supervision | 1]Leadership skills 2]Employee orientation/Human Relations 3]Close Supervision 4]Delegation 5] Rewards and Recognition 6]Group cohesiveness(extents to which team members stick together) |