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modworldhistory 13-2
Modern World History Chapter 13 Section 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The region in northern France where the fighting during World War I became deadlocked in 1914 | Western Front |
| Bismark's military pact with Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy set up to isolate France and keep the Peace | Triple Alliance |
| Britain's 1907 alliance with France and Russia ensuring that Britian would not fight againist either country | Triple Entente |
| The nations that fought together during World Wat I on the side of Austria-Hungary and Germany | Central Powers |
| The nationis that fought together during World War I on the side of Great Britain, France, and Russia | Allies, or Allied Powers |
| The German strategy to quickly attack and defeat France in the west, and then rush east to fight Russia | Schlieffen Plan |
| A type of fighting common during World War I in which soldiers fought from deep ditches on the battlefield | trench warfare |
| The area along the German-Russian border where Russians and Serbs battled Germans and Austro-Hungarians | Eastern Front |
| Which countries comprised the Central Powers? | Germany, Austria-Hungary. |
| Why were Germany and Austria-Hungary known as the Central Powers? | Because of their location in the heart of Europe. |
| Which area known as the "terrain of death" stretched nearly 500 miles from the North Sea to the Swiss border? | Western Front |
| What factors contributed to Russia's war difficulties | not industrialized, short on food, guns, ammunition, clothes, boots, and blankets, supply shipments limited by German control of Baltic Sea and submarine in North sea and beyond. |
| One Asset of the Russian army | numbers, Russia continually rebuit its ranks from the country'a enormous population. |
| Poison Gas, Machine gun, tank, and submarine with the torpedo(an underwater missile) | The new weapons of War |
| Why Russia's involvement in the war was so important to the Allies? | Russia's army managed to tie up hundreds of German troops in the east, so Germany could not hurl its full fighting force at the west. |
| Anyone killed, injured, captured , or considered missing action | casualty |
| Why was the Battle of the Marne so significant? | defeat of the Germans left the Schlieffen Plan in ruins, In east Russian forces had already invaded Germany, Germany had to fight a long war on two fronts, war on the Western Front settled into a stalemate. |
| What geographic disadvantage did Germany and Austria-Hungary face in fighting the war? | sandwiched between the enemy Allied countries. |
| What stretched nearly 500 miles from the North Sea to the Swiss border and was a "terrain of death"? | The Western Front |
| By what year was Europe devided into two rival camps known as the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance? | By 1914 |
| Who was the Schlieffen Plan named after? | Alfred Graf von Schlieffen |
| Why did the Germans fell they could carry out the Schlieffen Plan? | Because Russia lagged behing the rest of Europe in its railroad system and thus would take longer to supply its front lines. |
| When did the war turn into a long and bloody stalemate, or deadlock, along the battlefields of France? | Fall of 1914 |
| What was the deadlock region in northern France called? | The Western Front |
| Where did the Allies regroup and attack the Germans on Sept.5, 1914 and forced them to retreat? | In the valley of the Marne River , northeast of Paris. |
| Who rushed soldiers from Paris to the front to force the German generals to retreat on Sept. 5, 1914? | 600 taxicabs |
| Why was the Battle of the Marne so significant? | Because the Battle of the Marne left the Schlieffen Plan in ruins. A quick victory on the west was no longer possible, and Russia had already invaded Germany on the east, so Germany had to fight a long war on two fronts. |
| When did the trench warfare on the Western front start? | Early 1915 |
| How did the armies dig the trenches? | Opposing armies dug miles of parallel trenches to protect themselves from enemy fire. |
| What was the outcome of trench warfare on the Western Front? | Armies traded hugh losses of human life for pitifully small land gains. |
| What was life in the trenches like? | Misery, the men slept in mud, washed in mud, ate mud, and dreamed mud. Rats swarmed in the trenches; fresh food was nonexistent; sleep was impossible. |
| What was the space between the opposing trenches called? | "no man's land" |
| What happened to the men when the officers ordered them to go over the top of the trenches to attack? | They met murderous rounds of machine-gun fire. |
| Why were the men not safe to stay put in the trenches? | Artillery fire brought death right into the trenches. |
| When was the highest peak for slaughter during the massive German attack against the French near Verdun? | In 1916 |
| How many men were lost in the highest peak of slaughter in the war? | Each side lost more than 300,000 men. |
| Which battle caused both sides to loss more than 300,000 men? | German's massive attack against the French near Verdun. |
| When did the Germans launch their massive attack against the French near Verdun? | February 1916 |
| When did the British forces attack the Germans in the northwest of Verdun, in the Valley of the Somme River? | In July 1916 |
| When did the Battle of Somme end? | In November 1916 |
| How many casualties did each side suffer by the time the Battle of Somme ended? | More than half a million. |
| How far did the Germans advance near Vardun as a result of the Battle of Somme? | About 4 miles |
| How far did the British advance in the Somme valley as a result of the Battle of Somme? | about 5 miles |
| What was the stretch of battlefield along the German and Russian border called? | the Eastern Front |
| Was the war in the east more mobile than the war in the west? | yes |
| Was there slaughter and stalemate in the east? | yes |
| Where did the Russian forces launch their attack at the beginning of the war? | Into both Austria and Germany |
| Where did Germany counterattack the Russian forces on the East? | Near the town of Tannenberg. |
| When did the Germans counterattack the Russian forces near the town of Tannenberg? | At the end of August 1914. |
| How many days did it take for the Germans to crush the invading Russian army and drive them into retreat near the town of Tannenberg? | Four days. |
| How many Russian soldiers were killed at the Battle of Tannenberg? | 30,000 Russian soldiers |
| When did the Russians defeat the Austrians twice as they drove deep into Austria? | In September 1914. |
| When did the Austrians manage to turn the tide and defeat the Russians and push them out of Austria-Hungary? | December 1914 |
| By what year did the Russia's war effort near collapse? | 1916 |
| Why was Russia's war effort near collapse by 1916? | Russia was not industrialized, short on food, guns ammunition, clothes, boots, and blankets, and Allied supplies were limited. |
| Why were Allied supplies to Russia so limited during the war? | German control of the Baltic Sea and Germany's relentless submarine campaign in the North Sea and beyond sharply limited allied supply shipments to Russia. Ottomans still controlled the straits from the Mediterrean to the Black Sea. |
| Why was Russia's involvement in the war so important to the other Allies? | For more than 3 years the battered Russian army managed to tie up hundreds of thousands of German troops in the east, keeping Germany from hurling its full fighting force at the west. |
| Why were Germany and her Allies concerned with more than just the Western and Eastern Front? | Because as the war raged on, fighting spread beyond Europe to Africa and to the Southwest and Southeast Asia, making it a world war. |
| Which side introduced poison gas? | The Germans |
| What did the soldiers wear to protect themselves from the poison gas? | Masks |
| What injuries did the poison gas cause? | blindness, severe blisters, death by choking. |
| Which weapon fires ammunition automatically and could wipe out waves of attackers making it difficult for forces to advance? | machine gun |
| What was an armored combat vehicle that moved on chain tracks? | the tank |
| Which weapon could cross any terrain? | the tank |
| Who introduced the tank in 1916 at the Battle of Somme? | the British |
| Which new weapon was an effective warship? | The submarine |
| Whgat was the submarine's primary weapon against ships? | the torpedo, an underwater missile |
| What effect did the weather have on the Eastern Front? | Soldiers froze to death because of the deadly winters |
| Why might it be fair to say that no one won the battles of the Somme or Verdun? | Because so many died and there was little advancement by the troops. |
| What technology was untested by 1914, but became a powerful weapon between the beginning and the end of the war and became a key to military victory? | airplane warfare with bombs and machine guns |
Created by:
wmjack