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unit 4 posit ?
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How is the thorax centered for a lateral thoracic spine? | center the posterior half to the center of the grid |
| How many foramina are located in each cervical vertebra? | 3 |
| Where is the central ray directed for the lateral projection of the cervicothoracic region (swimmer's technique)? | CR at T1 ( 1 one inch above the jugular notch) |
| A fracture of the anterior arch of C2 due to hyperextension is termed a: | hangmans fracture |
| A comminuted fracture of the ring of C1 is termed a: | jeffersons fracture |
| Which thoracic vertebrae contain costal facets on the transverse process? | T1-T10 |
| The first cervical vertebra is called the: | atlas |
| Which of the following techniques should be utilized to decrease radiation dose during scoliosis radiography? 1.) high kVp 2.) breast shields 3.) PA projection instead of AP | all of the above |
| Which group of thoracic vertebrae contain only a single full costal facet on the vertebral body? | T10-T12 |
| The zygapophyseal joints of the atlas and axis of the cervical spine are clearly demonstrated on which projection? | lateral |
| The SID for a lateral cervical spine must be a minimum of how many inches? | 60-72'' |
| The intervertebral foramina of the thoracic spine are clearly demonstrated on which projection? | lateral |
| What is the central-ray angulation for the AP projection of the dens, Fuchs method? | 0 degrees or parallel to MML |
| When the shoulder is immobile and cannot be depressed sufficiently for the cervicothoracic region lateral projection (swimmer's technique), the central ray is angled: | 3-5 caudal |
| Which of the following lines must be perpendicular to the IR for the AP "open mouth" atlas and axis? | a line drawn from the lower edge of the upper incisors to the tip of the mastoid |
| Which projection of the cervical spine will demonstrate the lower five zygapophyseal joints of the cervical spine? | lateral |
| How many vertebrae make up the adult vertebral column? | 26 |
| The zygapophyseal joints of the thoracic spine form an angle of how many degrees with the midsagittal plane? | 70-75 degrees |
| Spinal nerves and blood vessels exit the spinal column through the: | intervertebral foramen |
| What is the central-ray angle for the AP axial oblique projection of the cervical? | 15 degrees cephalic |
| The condition in which an intervertebral disk "slips" and protrudes into the vertebral canal is called: | herniated nucleus pulpous |
| How are small weights applied to the arms for the lateral projection of the cervical spine? | around the wrists |
| The part identified (the big hole in the middle) in the figure above is the: | vertebral foramen |
| What is the central-ray angulation for an AP axial projection of the cervical spine on a trauma patient? | 15-20 degrees cephalic |
| Which of the following vertebral areas have a lordotic curve? 1.) cervical 2.) thoracic 3.) lumbar | cervical and lumbar |
| Which intervertebral foramina are demonstrated on the PA axial oblique projection of the cervical spine? | closest to the IR |
| How much is the body rotated from the lateral position to demonstrate the zygapophyseal joints of the thoracic region? | 20 degrees |
| The central-ray angle for an AP axial cervical vertebrae is: | 15-20 degrees cephalic |
| Where is the central ray directed for a lateral thoracic spine? | at T7 |
| The swimmer's technique demonstrates the cervicothoracic region in which projection? | lateral |
| Which intervertebral foramina are demonstrated on an AP axial oblique projection (RPO/LPO) of the cervical spine (think about the pencils in the neck)? | the elevated side |
| Which of the following vertebral areas have a kyphotic curve? 1.) thoracic 2.) lumbar 3.) sacrum and coccyx | thoracic and sacrum and coccyx |
| In a trauma patient, which projection of the cervical spine is performed first, and then reviewed by a physician, before proceeding with other projections? | cross table lateral |
| The respiration phase for a lateral cervical spine is: | full expiration |
| An abnormal increase in the convexity of the thoracic spine is termed: | kyphosis |
| Where is the central ray directed for a lateral cervical spine? | perpendicular |
| Where is the central ray directed for the AP axial oblique projection of the cervical? | C4 with 15-20 cephalic angle |
| The intervertebral foramina of the cervical spine are demonstrated on which of the following projections? 1.) Lateral 2.) AP axial oblique 3.) PA axial oblique | AP/PA axial oblique |
| The "vertebra prominens" is the name given to the: | C7 |
| The recommended SID for a dorsal decubitus (cross-table) lateral projection of the cervical spine on a trauma patient is: | 72'' |
| Where is the central ray centered for a hyperflexion or hyperextension lateral cervical spine? | C4 |
| An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is termed: | scoliosis |
| How many thoracic vertebrae have a small concave facet on the transverse process, for articulation with the tubercle of a rib? | 10 |
| Which of the following are functions of the vertebral column? 1.) supports the trunk 2.) protects the spinal cord 3.) the superior aspect of the spine supports the skull | 1,2,3 |
| The second cervical vertebra is called the: | axis |
| The zygapophyseal joints of the vertebral column are classified as: | synovial gliding |
| The intervertebral foramina of the cervical spine are open on a radiograph positioned: | 45 degrees posterior oblique and 15 degrees cephalic angle |
Created by:
sydniehardin1214