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7-12th vocab
current issues
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the ______________________ is a document written by james madison that describes the structure and powers of our national and state government of the united states (written after we won our independence) | constitution |
| a _____________- type of government unites numerous, smaller independent states into a loose alliance. it failed because it had no strong central power | confederate |
| _________ _____ _________- is the term used to describe a government in which each separate branch can limit the powers of the other branches. they help prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful. | checks and balances |
| ____________ is to participate as a member of your community (voting, paying taxes, running for office) and in return our nation grants certain rights and privileges. (police, military) | citizenship |
| _________ __________ is an organization of people with a common purpose of trying to attain political power (republicans/democrats) | political party |
| "The ______ __ ________" is the name given to the first 10 amendments. | bill of rights |
| an _______________ is a formal change mad on a document or law by editing, deleting, and/or adding to the existing document. | amendment |
| ______________ is the model of government used in the US in which the nation's powers are divided between a strong central government and individual governments of the state (dc>ne>colfax>clarkson) | federalism |
| the ____________ __ _____________ is different from the US constitution and in that it formally declared the US a separate country from England (written by thomas jefferson and approved on july 4th, 1776. | declaration of independence |
| _______________ is a system of economy where companies/businesses compete for customers and the means of production are owned privately. | capitalism |
| a ___________________ is when one person or group controls the everyday lives of their people with absolute power (north korea) | dictatorship |
| _________ __________ is when you have the freedom to start ANY legal business and you can decide what to produce, as well as how to produce and distribute it (the US economy is a perfect circle) | free enterprise |
| ________ are a required payment of money to the government at regular intervals. through history governments have supported themselves by using these to provide (police,military) | taxes |
| a ____________ is when voting numbers equal more than half | majority |
| ________ are people like you | peer |
| _____________ is a term used to describe places in the countryside, usually some distance from the city (NE farm towns) | rural |
| _____________ is fair and honest treatment that allows a person to get what they deserve (both good and bad) | justice |
| _____________ is when the population is made up of people of different ethnic groups, religions, or nationalities. it is usually seen in countries that have received many immigrants (US) | diversity |
| _____________ is a way to run the government where the people have the power to make political decisions. it follows the belief that majority rules while still respecting minority rights. | democracy |
| _____________ is the right to vote/elect leaders or to vote on policies and laws )it sounds bad but it is actually very good) | suffrage |
| a _____________ is when voting numbers equal less than half (this is how we count votes in the US) | minority |
| _____________ is the act of treating people unfairly or unequally because of characteristics such as race, age, national origin, or religion (US history includes african-americans and women) | discrimination |
| _____________ is when all people are treated the same in the eyes of the law (especially in status, rights, and opportunities) | equality |
| _____________ is a place having the characteristics of a city (rather than a country area) Omaha is an example of this because of the bigger population and many businesses. | urban |
| _____________ are people from one country that migrate to another country to begin a new life (US melting pot of cultures) | immigrants |
| _____________ were mega-farms (south) where slave labor was often used and a single commercial crop is grown (cotton) | plantations |
| an _____________ is a planned attempt to murder someone in power (president) and is usually done by surprise. | assassination |
| a _____________ is an agreement (that has the force of international law) made to end a war where each side gives a little bit of something | treaty |
| _____________ is the dividing up of our country into specific regions (north/south) prior to the civil war. it involved extreme loyalty to one's region. | sectionalism |
| _____________ is a type of forced labor in which the worker is considered property that can be bought and sold. the workers are deprived of most rights and freedoms | slavery |
| _____________ is the law making body of great britain (and other nations around the world) similar to the US congress. | parliament |
| a _____________ is a refusal to buy certain goods or participate in activities because one feels mistreated. it is the protest of unfair practices | boycott |
| _____________ is when a strong nation takes over foreign land for the purpose of trade. it is the process of exploration, settlement and ruling a region that is not geographically connected to the hone country. | colonize |
| a _____________ is a term used to describe the supporters and of american independence from great britain and those willing to fight for that freedom during the american revolution | patriot |
| the _____________ are the historical events that directly led to the age of exploration and columbus discovering america. they were a series of military campaigns that western european christrians made to capture palestine (holy land) from the muslims | crusades |
| a _____________ were those american colonists that wanted to remain under british control during the american revolution (opposite of patriot) | loyalist |
| _____________ was a system of labor in the middle ages where rich land-owners were granted land and had peasants (indenture servants) farm the land they controlled | feudalism |
| the _____________ __ _____________ was a time when european nations began to explore the oceans in an attempt to find cheaper easier faster trade routes to asia. (columbus 1492) | age of discovery |
| _____________ is to completely get rid or end something (end of slavery) | abolish |
| _____________ _____________ is a method of combat where you hide-hit-run-hide to even the odds if your army is out-numbered | guerilla warfare |
| _____________ is when former slaves often after the civil war stayed where they were to work as a tenant farmer that would share profits with a land owner. their lives actually changed very little | sharecropping |
| _____________ was the re-building of the war-torn south after the civil war. the south was re-admitted to the US and laws were passed to protect newly freed african-americans | recontruction |
| _____________ are people that travel from place to place (a wandering lifestyle) in search of food (hunter-gatherers, animal hearders) | nomads |
| _____________ is a military method used as a means to prevent goods or people from entering or leaving a specific place. | blockade |
| _____________ ___ is when a military destroys everything (homes, crops, livestock, factories) in an effort to get the opponent to completely surrender | total war |
| the _____________ is an area that has yet to be defined/explored (american west, outer space) and it usually includes the idea/hope for a new and better life | frontier |
| a _____________ is when a group stands up to change their everyday lives for the better (amerians vs. british) while creating a large shift in government and society as a whole | revolution |
| an _______ ______ is an offer made to make peace and avoid war (colonists/king george III of england) | olive branch |
| _____________ is an angular measure of distance from the prime meridian going vertically around the earth. | longitude |
| the _____________ is a large land form region in the western/southwester part of the US (an arid semi-desert region) | basin |
| an _____________ is a narrow strip of land connecting two large land areas that would otherwise be separated by oceans (panama) | ithsmus |
| _____________ is the temperature and weather of a geographical region | climate |
| _____________ is an angular measure of distance from the equator horizontally circling the earth | latitude |
| the _____________ or elevation of an object is a measure of it's vertical height above surface level (sea level) | altitude |
| a _____________ is half of the earth (the equator splits north and south while the prime meridian divides east and west) | hemisphere |
| a _____________ is where the mainland of a continent meets the ocean | coast |
| a _____________ is coastline that borders a major body of water (that is not an ocean) | gulf |
| a _____________ is the lands that developed after volcanic eruptions that are not covered by ocean | continent |
| a _____________ is an arid region which means it receives little or no precipitation (fewer than 10 inches of rain each year) | desert |
| the _____________ _____________ is an area at the center of a continent that is at the height of elevation | continental divide |
| _____________ (is also called altitude) refers to height of land above sea level | elevation |
| a _____________ ________ is a land form that rises significantly (more than 1,000 feet) above the surrounding land. it generally has steep sides and a small summit. they are often grouped together | mountain range |
| a _____________ is a large natural stream of water that flows in channels toward a larger body of water such as seas or oceans | river |
| a _____________ is a large open area of hilly grassland (mississippi river valley) | prairie |
| a _____________ is a low land between two higher points (mountains) that usually have a river or a stream | valley |
| a _____________ is land that is surrounded by water on three sides (florida) | peninsula |
| a _____________ is a flowing body of water that is smaller than a river empties into a larger body of water (river/lake) | tributary |
| a _____________ is a geographical term used to describe a flat area of land that has relatively high elevation | plateau |
| a _____ is a large body of slat water that is just a smaller part of an ocean (carribean) | sea |
| a _____________ is an area of land that is mostly flat with giant slopes. they can be a small area or they can cover thousands of miles | plain |
| a _________ is a narrow strip of water that connects two larger bodies of water (magellan connects the atlantic and pacific off the southern coast of south america) | strait |
| an __________ is the largest body of water that makes up the earth | ocean |
| _________ ________ is the unit of water surface used to recognize the height of geographical features such as mountains | sea level |
| _____________ is the blending of cultures in the US during the vicil rights movement activists were focused on achieving full social and political equality | integration |
| _____________ is when the industry of a nation combines with military objectives to mass produce war materials | mobilization |
| president theodore roosevelt was the first _____________ and idea that the US can thrive if we take care of the "little people" (workers, women, work safety, wages, etc) | progressive |
| president james k. polk believed in "_____________ _____________" (america should span from 'sea to shining sea') to accommodate the "free development of our yearly multiplying millions". | manifest destiny |
| _____________ is the use of violence to achienve political goals by creating fear and intimidation in a targeted population. "do what we want you to do or else..." | terrorism |
| _________ _______ are the rights and freedoms of each US citizen that are protected by law and are intended to ensure individual freedom and equality. "all people are created equal in the eyes of the law" | civil rights |
| the _____________ was the systematic murder of millions of jews by nazi germany. adolph hitler was determined to use them as a "scapegoat" for all of europe's problems | holocaust |
| _____________ is when the government (usually a dictatorship) controls the means of production (factories/farms) and follows the guidelines of socialism (everyone makes the same money) | communism |
| _____________ is the idea that to preserve our way of life, we must stop the spread of anything that differs from our way of life (communism) | containment |
| the _____________ is when everything at home must keep going while the front lines of war are fought elsewhere | homefront |
| the _____________ __________ is when people in america went from salling goods locally, to selling nationally with shipping on the railroad (shoes) the "american dream" of work hard/get rich is born | national market |
| _________ _____________ was a new method of battle used during WWI. it was land based fighting where armies dug deep ditches to protect them from some artillery and small weapons fire | trench warfare |
| _____________ is when someone that is supposed to be trusted breaks that relationship by doing something wrong. often times it refers to elected officials (nixon) | scandal |
| _____________ is an effort to stay out of war by withdrawing from economic, military, or political relations with other nations at war and focusing on your own country (US was in the depression prior to WWII) | isolationism |
| _____________ is the rapid increase of (military) force | escalation |
| _____________ is when a nation declares a refusal to take sides in a conflict, dispute, or war | neutrality |
| a _____________ is when the "circle of economics" goes negative as many companies go out of business (no money spent=bad economy). umemployment increases, production of goods slow down, and people who have jobs earn/spend less money | depression |
| _____________ is giving in to a bully in the hopes that they will stop when you give them what they want (hitler). it is when one party gives up a great deal to achieve peace. | appeasement |
| _____________ was during the "roaring 20's" when americans got out of hand and the government banned alcohol (18th amendment). this movement blamed the faults of society on alcohol. | prohibition |
| _____________ is a policy by which one nation controls another, usually smaller and weaker nation. they obtain control by obtaining territory or political/economic power | imperialism |
| _____________ or "lightning war" is a method of warfare where you overwhelm and enemy by bombing them (planes) followed by tanks, and then capped by ground troops | blitzkreig |
| _____________ is when everyone is treated equal in status, rights, and opportunities | equality |
| _____________ is an approach of foreign policy that embraces the build-up of military force as the government takes an aggressive stance towards other countries (building tanks, bombs, planes) | militarism |
| _____________ is when patriotic feelings and pride in one's country leads to the point of feeling superior to other nations | nationalism |
| _____________ is a form of government that celebrates the supremacy of the state over the individual, with the belief that the individual exists only for the betterment of the state (hitler's nazi party) | fascism |
| _____________ powers are the powers given to the government or office of government simply because it exists (establish and defend the US border) | inherent |
| _____________ __________ is how the US deals/works with all other countries around the world (written plan of action that one nation adopts to deal with other nations-alliances, international trade, war) | foreign policy |
| _____________ is to talk a proposed law (bill) to "death" it is an effort to stop legislation or get a vote on legislation. | filibuster |
| a _____________ is a person that represents a specific cause, and in turn tries to influence members of national, state, and local government to pass laws that are favorable to their cause. (campaign money) | lobbyest |
| _____________ powers are powers that are not specifically listen in the constitution, but people generally agree that they have those powers (because the president is commander-in-chief of the military/he can order a plan to bomb a target) | implied |
| _____________ _______________ is when you have a majority rule within a defined territory. it is the belief that political power comes from the consent of the people | popular sovereignty |
| _____________ ________________ includes the 3 branches, checks and balances, and the bill of rights to prevent our government from becoming a dictatorship | limited government |
| an _____________ ___________ is a decision by the president that has the rule of law and does not need congress to approve it | executive order |
| _____________ is information that may or may not be 100% true and is spread to influence peoples opinions (nazis/jews) it can be true/false/or a combination of the two | propaganda |
| _____________ __________ _______________ are groups that try to influence the law-making process through contributions, research, speech writing. they are organizations that raise money to campaign for or against candidates or causes | political action committees |
| _____________ powers are the powers that the US constitution specifically grants to different branches of the federal government (yes/no you can/can't) | expressed |
| a _________ _____________ is a combination of the market style (free to start your own business) and the command style (government control of business) (lemonade stand>health and safety regulations) | mixed economy |
| the executive (president), legislative (congress), and judicial (supreme court), keep any one branch from becoming too powerful (no king) with a total _____________ ___ _____________. | separation of powers |
| ______ _______ refers to any platform for communication that reaches large numbers of people (newspaper, radio, TV, internet) | mass media |
| _____________ powers are those set aside by the US constitution for the states or the people (10th amendment, bill of rights) | reserved |
| _________ ___________ is the attitudes, beliefs, and philosophies shared by the general public | public opinion |
| _____________ powers are those that the constitution grants to both federal and state governments at the same time (taxes) | concurrent |
| the _____________ _______________ is a meeting of representatives (delegates) of the 2 major political parties that is held every 4 years in conjunction with the upcoming presidential election. they approve a party platform and name a presidential candida | national convention |
| _____________ _________ are blocks of money that the US government gives our for specific projects that improve local areas/america as a whole (better roads) | federal grants |
| the __________ _____________ is the formal declaration of a party's beliefs and position on topics/issues. the plan is written every 4 years (prior to presidential elections) | party platform |
| _____________ is the political view that argues that government policies can help bring liberty and opportunity to individuals ("always looking for a new/better way") they generally want to expand government programs that provide welfare to the poor/elder | liberal |
| _____________ is the political view that places an emphasis on tradition ("it it's not broke/don't fix it") they believe in social institutions that promote self-discipline such as religion, education, and traditional family structures | conservative |
| _______ ___________ is the belief that your vote doesn't really matter (current trend in the US) and thus allows a small percentage of americans to choose important positions of leadership | voter apathy |
| __________ ________________ is how you look at yourself (republican/democrats? conservative/liberal?) it is where a person falls on the "line of political affiliation" | party identification |
| the _____________ __________ is where people go to vote (library) | polling place |
Created by:
mjano
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