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Musculoskeletal: Joint Snapshots
Joint | Osteokinematic Motions | Open-Packed Position | Close-Packed Position | Capsular Pattern |
---|---|---|---|---|
glenohumeral | flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral rotation | 55° abduction, 30° horizontal adduction | abduction and lateral rotation | lateral rotation, abduction, medial rotation |
sternoclavicular | elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, medial rotation, lateral rotation | arm resting at side | maximum shoulder elevation | pain at extreme end ranges of movement |
acromioclavicular | anterior tilt, posterior tilt, upward rotation, downward rotation, protraction, retraction | arm resting by side | 90° shoulder abduction | pain at extreme end ranges of movement |
radiohumeral | flexion, extension, pronation, supination | full extension and supination | 90° flexion, 5° supination | flexion, extension, supination, pronation |
ulnohumeral | flexion, extension | 70° elbow flexion, 10° supination | extension | flexion, extension |
proximal radiounlar | pronation, supination | 70° elbow flexion, 35° supination | 5° supination | supination, pronation |
radiocarpal | flexion, extension, radial deviation, ulnar deviation | wrist neutral and slight ulnar deviation | extension with radial deviation | flexion and extension equally limited |
iliofemoral | flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral rotation | 30° flexion, 30° abduction, slight lateral rotation | full extension, medial rotation | flexion, abduction, medial rotation |
tibiofemoral | flexion, extension, medial rotation, lateral rotation | 25° flexion | full extension, lateral rotation of tibia | flexion, extension |
talocrural | dorsiflexion, plantarflexion | 10° plantarflexion, midway between inversion and eversion | maximum dorsiflexion | plantarflexion, dorsiflexion |
subtalar | inversion, eversion | midway between extreme ends of motion | supination | limitation of varus range of movement |
midtarsal | inversion, eversion | midway between extreme ends of motion | supination | dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, adduction, medial rotation |
cervical spine | flexion, extension, lateral flexion, rotation | midway between flexion and extension | extension | lateral flexion and rotation equally limited, extension |
thoracolumbar spine | flexion, extension, lateral flexion, rotation | midway between flexion and extension | extension | lateral flexion and rotation equally limited, extension |