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APUSH: Chapter 12
APUSH: Chapter 12 (The South Expands: Slavery and Society (1800-1860)) Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| coastal trade | The domestic slave trade with routes along the Atlantic coast that sent thousands of slaves to sugar plantations in Louisiana and cotton plantations in the Mississippi Valley. |
| inland system | Slave trade that took place inland. Fed slaves to cotton south. Less visible than Coastal. |
| chattel principles | A system of bondage in which a slave has the legal status of property and so can be bought and sold. |
| benevolent masters | masters that were committed to the welfare of their slaves. Believed that they were treating their slaves well. |
| republican aristocracy | The Old South gentry that built impressive mansions, adopted the manners and values of the English landed gentry, and feared federal government interference with their slave property. |
| "positive good" argument | An argument in the 1830s that the institution of slavery was a "positive good" because it subsidized an elegant lifestyle for the white elite and provided tutelage for genetically inferior Africans. |
| gang-labor system | A system of work discipline used on southern cotton plantations in the mid-nineteenth century in which white overseers or black drivers supervised gangs of enslaved laborers to achieve greater productivity. |
| slave society | A society in which the institution of slavery affects all aspects of life. |
| alamo | A Spanish mission converted into a fort, it was besieged by Mexican troops in 1836. The Texas garrison held out for thirteen days, but in the final battle, all of the Texans were killed by the larger Mexican force. |
| secret ballot | Anonymous voting method that helps to make elections fair and honest |
| black Protestantism | form of Protestantism devised by Chesapeake Christian slaves spread to the Cotton South from the domestic slave trade. evangelical message-emotional conversion, ritual baptism, communal spirituality, blacks were "children of God" and should be equally. |
| task system | A system of slave labor under which a slave had to complete a specific assignment each day. After they finished, their time was their own. Used primarily on rice plantations. |
| harriet jacobs | Linda Brent. the Life of Slave Girl highlights the sexual exploitation in slavery. Abolitionists published her work but were uncomfortable with the fact that she had a white lover not her owner- resistance to sexual exploitation. |
| james henry hammod | senator and slave owner form South Carolina who believed in the necessity of slaves in society and that blacks were inferior to the superior whites. |
| stephen austins | Original settler of Texas, granted land from Mexico on condition of no slaves, convert to Roman Catholic, learn Spanish, Father of Texas, led the second and ultimately successful colonization of the region by bringing 300 families from the United States. |
| santa anna | Mexican dictator who was in charge when war broke out between the Mexicans and Americans. He lost Texas to rebels, and was the leader of the armed forces during the war. |
| sam houston | United States politician and military leader who fought to gain independence for Texas from Mexico and to make it a part of the United States (1793-1863) |
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