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Nutrition
Nutrition for Sport, exercise and health
| What are the 6 groups of Nutrients? | Carbohydrates Lipids protein Vitamins minerals water |
| Macronutrients | Nutrients required in the diet in larger amounts; Carbohydrate, protein, fat, water and lipids |
| energy yielding macronutrients | Nutrients that supply the body with energy; carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are the energy yielding macronutrients. (Other macronutrients include water and lipids.) |
| Kilocalorie | The unit of energy in food. Same thing as a calorie. Refers to the amount of heat it takes to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius. |
| Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) | |
| Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) | |
| Adequate Intake (AI) | |
| Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) | |
| Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) | |
| Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) | |
| Key Components of Fitness | Cardiorespiratory endurance, Muscular strength and endurance, Flexibility, Body Composition |
| Anaerobic activity | Intense Activity performed without relying on oxygen over a short period of time. Sprinting is an example. |
| Muscular strength | The maximal force that a skeletal muscle or group of muscles can produce |
| Muscular power | The rate at which the work (contraction) is performed. |
| Muscular endurance | The ability to perform repeated skeletal muscle contractions or to hold a contraction over a period of time |
| Muscular flexibility | The ability to move through the joints range of motion. |
| Body composition | The composition of the body that is fat mass compared to fat-free mass (lean body mass) Body composition can be further divided out into fat, muscle, water, and bone. |
| Principle of periodization | Schedules training for a particular sport or event into smaller periods of time or blocks with specific training goals in each. |
| Principle of detraining | Involves the loss of physiological training responses when exercise is discontinued. |
| Overreaching | Excessive exercise volume that results in short term performance decrement. |
| Overtraining | A compendium of symptoms referred to as overtraining syndrome (OTS). This condition is more serious than overreaching with long term performance impairment that can take several weeks or months to achieve recovery. |
| Exercise physiology | The study of the body's responses to exercise, from acute bouts to chronic adaptations with repeated activity and long term training. |
| Nutrient absorption | The process if absorbing or assimilating digested substances into cells through diffusion or osmosis |
| Nutrition periodization | A principle in which nutritional guidelines are adjusted depending on the state of training. |
| nutrient content claim | Statement about the level of a nutrient in a product. These are approved and regulated by the FDA and can be used on both food and dietary supplements. |
| Health claim | Describe the relationship between a food, food component supplement ingredient, and decreased risk of a disease or health related condition. |
| Four compartments of measuring body composition | Fat, Muscle, Water, Bone |
| Lipids | A category of macronutrients that are insoluble in water and have various biological functions in the body. There are three main types of lipids: Triglycerides, sterols and phospholipids. |
| Nutrition | The study of how food supplies nutrients to the body and influences health and life. |
| Carbohydrate | is a major energy macronutrient in the human body. |
| Food labels | |
| Vitamins | Compounds necessary for metabolism, proper growth & development, vision, organ & immune functioning, energy production, muscle contraction & relaxation, oxygen transport, building & maintaining bone & cartilage, building & repairing muscle tissue,..... |
| Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) | Reference values for macro- and micronutrients aimed at preventing or reducing the risk of chronic disease and promoting optimal health. |
| Mirco- nutrients | Nutrients required in small amounts, including vitamins and minerals. |
Created by:
3zimm
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