tenements were crowded, w/ up to 4K+ in one city block; architect James Ware designed the dumbbell tenement to help save money even with the new NYC law

called for the shape, as it was narrow in the middle; middle acted as an airshift between buildings, giving a little ventilation and light. When there was a fire, though, it carried flames between stories, a fire trap

defending interests of native-born over immigrants

NYC passes a law requiring each bedroom to have a window to try and remediate the horrible tenement conditions; more than 50K Chinese lived in California

Herbert Spencer’s idea that survival of the fittest applied in social and economic areas→status was determined by who was the fittest→many felt that assimilation would help them become better off

Why did Labor Unions oppose immigration?

saw that immigrants were desperate for jobs, so it wouldn’t matter if workers went on strike, they would just be replaced

journalists who exposed the “muck” of corruption in government, societal problems and such

Panic of 1873→Californian nativists blamed Chinese for being willing to work for low wages, as this apparently made others’ wages lower as well

Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 passed, banning Chinese immigration for next 10yrs, repealed in 1943

American Protective Association founded by Henry F. Bowers, against Irish Catholics they believed were going to destroy American identity

Jane Addams & her college mate set up the Hull House,helping immigrants assimilate by giving English classes & helping w/ employment

How the Other Half Lives-Jacob Riis, published

Ellis Island, New York opened-immigrants often went through uncomfortable,, rigorous medical inspections, waiting up to a day for legal inspections as well as a new tax

1910(OUTSIDE OF THE TIME PERIOD SUPPOSEDLY), PROBABLY PART OF PERIOD 7??)

Angel Island opened in San Francisco, where Chinese immigrants had to prove they were exempt from the Chinese Exclusion Act

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APUSH 6.9

topic 6.9

Question	Answer
1870s	tenements were crowded, w/ up to 4K+ in one city block; architect James Ware designed the dumbbell tenement to help save money even with the new NYC law
Dumbbell Tenements	called for the shape, as it was narrow in the middle; middle acted as an airshift between buildings, giving a little ventilation and light. When there was a fire, though, it carried flames between stories, a fire trap
Nativism	defending interests of native-born over immigrants
1870	NYC passes a law requiring each bedroom to have a window to try and remediate the horrible tenement conditions; more than 50K Chinese lived in California
Social Darwinism	Herbert Spencer’s idea that survival of the fittest applied in social and economic areas→status was determined by who was the fittest→many felt that assimilation would help them become better off
Why did Labor Unions oppose immigration?	saw that immigrants were desperate for jobs, so it wouldn’t matter if workers went on strike, they would just be replaced
Muckrakers	journalists who exposed the “muck” of corruption in government, societal problems and such
1873	Panic of 1873→Californian nativists blamed Chinese for being willing to work for low wages, as this apparently made others’ wages lower as well
Examples of Muckrakers	Jacob Riis, Lewis Hine
1882	Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 passed, banning Chinese immigration for next 10yrs, repealed in 1943
1887	American Protective Association founded by Henry F. Bowers, against Irish Catholics they believed were going to destroy American identity
1889	Jane Addams & her college mate set up the Hull House,helping immigrants assimilate by giving English classes & helping w/ employment
1890	How the Other Half Lives-Jacob Riis, published
1892	Ellis Island, New York opened-immigrants often went through uncomfortable,, rigorous medical inspections, waiting up to a day for legal inspections as well as a new tax
1910(OUTSIDE OF THE TIME PERIOD SUPPOSEDLY), PROBABLY PART OF PERIOD 7??)	Angel Island opened in San Francisco, where Chinese immigrants had to prove they were exempt from the Chinese Exclusion Act

Created by: L.D

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