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AH M5L6 Key Terms
American History Module 5 Lesson 6 Key Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Facism | A nationalist and authoritarian political philosophy that also promotes militarism, expansion of power in size and influence, and economic independence. It puts the importance of the nation above everything else - even individual rights. |
| Benito Mussolini | Founded the National Fascist Party in Italy and was elected to office in 1921. The following year he led the March on Rome with 30,000 armed men to take power as the prime minister of Italy. |
| Adolf Hitler | He became a leader of the Nazi Party in 1920, and created a platform based on nationalism, anti-Semitism (prejudice against Jewish people), and expansion of the country. |
| Four Freedoms | President Roosevelt argued that America should fight for universal freedoms that all people in the world should possess. They included the freedom of speech, the freedom of worship, the freedom from want, and the freedom from fear. This became the rallying cry and gave hope when the war was difficult. |
| Holocaust | The intentional planned killing of six million Jewish men, women, and children by Germany in World War 2. |
| Concentration Camps | Concentration camps were where many Jewish people were imprisoned in inadequate facilities, sometimes forced into labor, and waited for mass execution. |
| Europe First | An agreed upon strategy by Great Britain and the United States. It stated that the US and Great Britain would use their resources to defeat Germany prior to Japan. |
| D-Day | Also known as the Battle of Normandy which was the successful invasion of German occupied Western Europe. This was a critical battle that would help ultimately lead to the victory of Allies in Europe. |
| VE Day | On May 8th, 1945, Great Britain and the United States celebrated Victory in Europe with the surrender of Germany. |
| VJ Day | Victory over Japan Day on August 15th, 1945. |
| Leapfrogging | A military strategy that involved bypassing islands heavily manned by Japanese troops and then isolating them. |
| Island Hopping | Involved taking over an entire island and establishing a base there. The base became a stronghold to launch an attack on the next island. |
| Manhattan Project | The codename for the American led effort to create an atomic bomb during World War II. |
| Hiroshima and Nagasaki | Two nuclear bombs were dropped on these Japanese cities by the United States ending World War II and killing 210,000 people. |
| Big Three | The leaders of Great Britain, the United States, and Russia. |
| Yalta Conference | Attended by the Big Three in February 1945 to determine what to do with the post-war world and how to bring about the War in the Pacific to an end. Tension emerged between Russia and Great Britain and the US. Key decisions included that USA, Great Britain, France and Russia would occupy sections of Germany after the war was over, Nazi war criminals would go to trial for their crimes, and help would be provided to freed areas of Europe to set up democratic countries. |
| Ultra | Military intelligence gained by breaking the codes of German Enigma machines. |
| Potsdam Conference | Attended by the Big Three in July 1945 in which the relationship between the US and Great Britain and Russia had worsened after the creation of the nuclear bomb by the US. Key decisions included that Russians could take industrial machinery from their occupational zone, but Germany would not pay war reparations. Plans were confirmed to disarm and demilitarize Germany. |
Created by:
dmcsorley13
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