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Chapter 11
Agriculture Vocab Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Organic Agriculture | Agriculture without the use of synthetic fertilizers or unnatural processes. (Whole Foods Market) |
| Agriculture | The process which humans alter the landscape in order to raise livestock and crops for consumption and trade. (Farms) |
| Primary Economic Activity | An economic activity that involves collection, extracting, or harvesting natural resources. (Agriculture, Mining, Logging) |
| Fair trade movement | Producers are paid fair prices for their products, and workers get fair wages. (Bananas, coffee, sugar) |
| Plant domestication | The growing of crops that people planted, raised, and harvested. (Farms) |
| Root crops | Crops that are reproduced by the cuttings of the plant. (potatoes, carrots) |
| Seed Crops | Crops that are reproduced by cultivating the seed. (Wheat, cotton) |
| First Agricultural Revolution | Origin of farming, domestication of plants & animals. (10,000 BCE) |
| Animal domestication | Raising and caring for animals. (dogs) |
| Substance agriculture | When farmers consume the crops they grow. (Growing foods for yourself) |
| Shifting cultivations | A system where they cultivate the land, grow food, harvest, leave, then later return. (Slash-and-burn farming) |
| Slash-and-burn Agriculture | Cultivation of crops in tropical forest clearings, in which vegetation has been cut and burned. (Burning/removing trees from Amazon Forest) |
| Second Agricultural Revolution | Following Industrial Revolution, machinery/tools were built to make farming easier. (1700) |
| Enclosure Act | Fencing large blocks of land for experiments with new techniques of farming. (block of farm land) |
| Von Thunen Model | Explains the relationship between cost of land and transport of cost. |
| Third Agricultural Revolution | Revolution that focused on how we could make plants grow quicker, use chemicals. (Pesticides, fertilizers) |
| Green Revolution | The development of high yielding crops. (Wheat, rice) |
| Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) | Crops that have new traits that have been inserted into their DNA. (Corn) |
| Rectangular survey system | A grid that covers the US, used as farms, schools, etc. (US West) |
| Township and Range Survey Systems | Rectangular boxes 6 miles squares are gridded and # used as farms, schools, etc. (US West) |
| Metes & bounds survey system | Boundaries of a parcel of a real estate marked by natural landmarks. (Rivers, hills) |
| longlot survey system | Long, narrow strips of land that all had access to water. (France, Louisiana) |
| Food Desert | Area that has limited access to affordable food. (Midwest US) |
| Commercial agriculture | When a food is produced for sale. (Farm sells to supermarket) |
| Monoculture | Dependence on a single agricultural commodity (one crop) (soybeans) |
| Koppen climatic classification system | Categorizes climate zones throughout the world based on local vegetation. (No dry season is some areas) |
| Milk shed | An area surrounding the milk source. (50 miles away from farm) |
| Plantation agriculture | Production system based on a large estate owned by someone/corporation organized to produce a cash crop. (Cotton plantation) |
| Luxury crops | Non-subsistence crops. (coffee) |
| Livestock ranching | raising domesticated animals for meat and other byproducts. (Dairy farms) |
| Mediterranean agriculture | Agriculture practiced in Mediterranean climate. (Grapes, olives) |
| Agribusiness | Businesses that provide the goods and services that support the agriculture industry. (seed producers) |
| Aqua culture | The cultivation of aquatic animals and plants. (Farm of fish) |
| Bio Revolution | Technological advances in biological and life sciences. (Fertilizer) |
| Biotechnology | A form of technology that uses living organisms, to modify products. (Inserting new DNA into a plant) |
| Collective farm | A system of agricultural organization where farm laborers are not compensated via wages. (USSR) |
| Dairying | Raising cows and goats to produce doing products. (Milk, cheese) |
| Intensive Agriculture | System of cultivation using large amounts of labor and occipital relative to land area. (Growing lots of crops yourself) |
| Extensive agriculture | System of cultivation using small amounts of labor and capital relative to land area. (growing lots of crops with a group) |
| truck farming | Growing fruits and vegetables on a commercial sale. (Extensive farming, Dole) |
Created by:
shannonbacha
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