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Genetics Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Heredity | The passing of traits from parent to offspring |
DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid, determines the traits that a living thing inherits |
Chromosomes | An organized structure of DNA and protein found in cells |
Genes | The set of instructions for an inherited trait, sections of chromosomes (DNA) |
Allele | One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color |
Trait | a genetically determined characteristic, such as hair color and the shape of your hands |
Punnett Square | used to organize all the possible combinations of offspring from particular parents |
Gregor Mendel | known as the father of genetics. Mendel discovered the principles of heredity while studying pea plants |
Phenotype | An organism's appearance or other detectable characteristic |
Genotype | The entire genetic makeup of an organism |
Dominant | The trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits breed |
Recessive | A trait that is apperent only when 2 reccessive allels for the same characteristics are inherited |
Homozygous | Refers having identical allels for a single trait |
Heterozygous | Refers to having two different alleles for a singe trait |
Hybrid | carries two different alleles of the same gene |
Purebred | An organism that is a result from a cross of the same breed ofunmixed lineage over many generations |